To answer this question, let's go through each option to understand why it is correct or incorrect:
Option A) Defect Clustering - This option is incorrect. Defect Clustering is a principle of testing that states that a small number of modules or functions typically contain the majority of defects. By focusing testing efforts on these high-risk areas, we can maximize the effectiveness of testing.
Option B) Pesticide Paradox - This option is incorrect. The Pesticide Paradox is a principle of testing that states that if the same tests are repeated over and over again, eventually the tests will no longer find any new defects. To overcome this, the test cases need to be regularly reviewed and updated to find new defects.
Option C) Both 1 & 2 - This option is incorrect. Both Defect Clustering and the Pesticide Paradox are principles of testing.
Option D) None - This option is correct. None of the given options are not principles of testing. Defect Clustering and the Pesticide Paradox are principles of testing.
The correct answer is D) None. This option is correct because none of the given options are not principles of testing.