Tag: infectious diseases - transmission and prevention
Questions Related to infectious diseases - transmission and prevention
A disease spread indirectly through a vector is
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Sleeping sickness
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Malaria
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Kala-azar
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All of the above
How does an infection get transmitted ?
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Person to person
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From animals
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From food
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All of the above
Some infectious diseases can be passed from person to person. Some are transmitted by bites from insects or animals. And others are acquired by ingesting contaminated food or water or being exposed to organisms in the environment. Therefore, (d) is the correct answer.
Diseases that are transmitted through insect vectors are
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Leprosy, Plague, Elephantiasis
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Malaria, Filariasis, Gambia fever
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Plague, Measles, Mumps
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Malaria, Cholera, Typhoid
Vector borne diseases are illnesses caused by an infectious microbe that is transmitted to vertebrates by another animal, usually an arthropod. This second animal is called a vector for the disease. There are a large number of viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases that can be transmitted by insect vectors. The most common vectors are blood sucking insects such as mosquitoes, fleas, lice, biting flies, bugs, lice, helminths and ticks. Most common vector borne diseases affecting people and their vectors are: malaria -anopheles mosquitoes, dengue and chikungunya - aedes mosquitoes, Leishmaniasis (kala azar) - sandflies, trypanosomiasis (gambia fever) - flies and bugs, filariasis - mosquitoes, encephalitis - mosquitoes and ticks, yellow fever - mosquito, plague - flies, lyme disease - ticks etc.
Select the incorrect statement.
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Disease literally means distributed ease.
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The phenomenon of growth, multiplication and establishment of an infections agent in host cells is known as infection.
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The parasite which causes the disease in an individual is called as host.
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Epidemology is the science that deals with occurrence, distribution and control of a disease.
Pathogen is an infectious agent such as a virus, bacterium, prion, fungus, viriod or parasite that causes disease in its host. The host may be an animal, a plant, a fungus, or even another microorganism.
A person had snacks from a street vendor, also drank water. He was later diagnosed with an infection. What was the mode of transmission of the disease?
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Both (b) and (c)
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Contaminated water
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Contamination through the vendor if he is infected
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Coughing of the healthy person standing next to him
Food prepared in unhygienic conditions can lead to diseases. Use of contaminated water, dirty utensils, not washing raw materials before cooking, inappropriate cooking practices are all source of contamination and can result in infection. Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.
Infectious agents are also known as _________
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Pathogens
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Transmitters
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Carriers
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All of the above
Pathogen is the term used to describe an infectious agent that causes disease in the host. Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.
Which of the following are carriers of infectious agents ?
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Air
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Water
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Soil
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All of the above
Air, water and soil are carriers of infectious organisms. Soil can cause contamination of plants and infect them and hence, the human. Air is the most common carriers of pathogens around us. Therefore, (d) is the correct answer.
How is infection transferred from one human to another ?
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Coughing or sneezing
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Both A and C
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Through contaminated hands
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Through soil
There are numerous ways through which infections can be transmitted. Coughing by the infected person can cause transfer as the organisms coming out are inhaled by the healthy person. No use of proper sanitization can also cause transmission of diseases. Therefore, (b) is the correct answer.
What is latent infection?
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Does not show signs and symptoms at first
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It can be treated at the earliest
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Shows signs and symptoms at the earliest
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Both B and C
Latent infection is one which do not show any signs or symptoms at first but can naturally develop over time. Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.
Which of the following groups of the disease, the causative microorganism and disease symptom is/are true?
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Malaria - Protozoan - Fever and chill
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Hepatitis-B - Virus - Swollen liver
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Cholera - Bacteria - Vomiting and diarrhoea
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All of the above