Tag: plant breeding

Quizzes (8) Questions (81)

Questions Related to plant breeding

Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

The agriculture sector of India employs about

  1. $50$ percent of the population
  2. $70$ percent of the population
  3. $30$ percent of the population
  4. $60$ percent of the population
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The agriculture sector of India employs about 70 percent of the population, in which 80% are rural population. The agriculture share in the GDP of India is 20.5 %.

So, the correct option is option B '70 percent of the population'.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Desired improved variety of economically useful crops are raised by

  1. Natural selection

  2. Hybridization

  3. Mutation

  4. Biofertilizer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Classical plant breeding includes hybridization (crossing) of pure lines, artificial selection to produce plants with desirable characters of higher yield, nutrition and resistance to diseases.  
The conventional method of breeding for disease resistance is hybridization and selection. 
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Vegetable crop cultivation is known as

  1. Horticulture

  2. Sericulture

  3. Silviculture

  4. Apiculture
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Horticulture has been defined as the agriculture of plants, mainly for food, materials, comfort and beauty. According to American horticulturist Liberty Hyde Bailey, "Horticulture is the growing of flowers, fruits and vegetables, and of plants for ornament and fancy." Hence, vegetable crop cultivation is known as Horticulture.

So, the correct answer is Horticulture'

Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Wide hybridisation has been used for producing

  1. Haploids

  2. Dihaploids from tetraploids

  3. Trihaploids from hexaploids

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Wide hybridization can be used to transfer the desirable variability. It is used for producing haploids, diploids from tetraploids and trihaploids from hexaploids.

So, the correct answer is 'All the above.'

Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

First artificial hybrid was obtained by crossing sweet william and carnation in $1717$ by 

  1. G.J Mendel

  2. M.S Swaminathan

  3. P.Maheshwari

  4. Thomas Fairchild
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A. G.J Mendal is known for his discovery of fundamental laws of inheritance.

B. M.S Swaminathan is responsible for introducing and further developing high-yielding varieties of wheat in India.
C. P. Maheshwari was the first person to to grow a plant after natural fertilization in a test tube containing artificial culture medium.
D. Thomas Fairchild was responsible for first artificial hybrid.
So, the correct answer is 'Thomas Fairchild'.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Totipotency is accurately defined as

  1. Regeneration

  2. Production of a plant from a part

  3. Induce roots

  4. Produce somatic embryo
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Totipotency - The ability of cells such as an embryonic stem cell to differentiate into any type of body cell. Plant cells are also totipotent, which helps to explain why a graft of a plant can generate a whole new individual out of just a small branch cutting.
Totipotent cells can form all the cell types in a body, plus the extraembryonic, or placental, cells. Embryonic cells within the first couple of cell divisions after fertilization are the only cells that are totipotent. Pluripotent cells can give rise to all of the cell types that make up the body; embryonic stem cells are considered pluripotent. Multipotent cells can develop into more than one cell type, but are more limited than pluripotent cells; adult stem cells and cord blood stem cells are considered multipotent.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Norin-10 gene is

  1. Dwarf gene of rice

  2. Dwarf gene of wheat

  3. Dwarf gene of tomato

  4. Smut resistant gene of wheat
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b dwarfing genes were derived from Norin-10, which was a semi-dwarf variety bred in Japan and released in 1935 (Gale and Youssefian, 1985). Norin-10 was used in US breeding programs in the 1950s in order to improve lodging resistance in winter wheat, in which lodging was a serious problem when high rates of nitrogen fertilizers were applied. A selection from a cross of Norin-10 with the US variety, Brevor was particularly promising and was used by Borlaug in the development of the green revolution wheat varieties. Wheat Norin-10 is a semi-dwarf wheat cultivar with very large ears that was bred at an experimental station in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. Norin-10 helped developing countries, such as India and Pakistan, to increase the productivity of their crops from approximately 60% during the green revolution. Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Which of the following instrument can be used to record plant growth by seconds?

  1. Porometer

  2. Potometer

  3. Pressure bomb

  4. Crescograph
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A crescograph is a device for measuring growth in plants. It was invented in the early 20th century by Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose. The Bose crescograph uses a series of clockwork gears and a smoked glass plate to record the movement of the tip of a plant (or its roots) at magnifications of up to 10,000. Marks are made on the plate at intervals of a few seconds, demonstrating how the rate of growth varies under varying stimuli. Bose experimented with temperature, chemicals, gases and electricity.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

The aim of plant breeding programme is to produce 

  1. Disease-free varieties

  2. High-yielding varieties

  3. Early-maturing varieties

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Plant breeding programs aim to improve crops in multiple ways. This includes developing varieties that are resistant to diseases, produce higher yields, and mature earlier to optimize farming cycles.

Multiple choice botany plant breeding method of plant breeding for crop improvement plant breeding for food production biotechnology

Which is not applicable to the biological species concept?

  1. Hybridization

  2. Natural population

  3. Reproductive isolation

  4. Gene Pool
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The biological species concept defines a species as a members of populations that potentially interbreed in nature. The biological species concept explains species resemblance and how some differ from other species. Offspring has fusion of parent's genes. As the generation increases, the genes of different organisms are constantly shuffled around the species gene pool. The shared gene pool gives the species its identity. Genes are not transferred to other species and different species thus, take on a different phenotype. Interbreeding between species is prevented by isolating mechanisms. The biological species concept centers on this inability to successfully hybridize
 So, the correct answer is 'Hybridization'