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Multiple choice zoology allergy immunity related disorders and problems antibody production and vaccination biotechnology

Which of the following is required for the cure of anaphylactic shock?

  1. Adrenalin

  2. Antihistamine

  3. Monoclonal antibodies

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Anaphylaxis is a type of severe allergic reaction which can result in the death of the person. The first or the primary treatment which is provided, is that the person is injected with epinephrine which reduces the basic symptoms. Antihistamines are used for the treatment and cure of the allergic reactions. The antihistamines are molecules which are similar in structure to histamine and block the H1 receptors which prevent the release and action of histamines. 

Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

Multiple choice zoology allergy immunity related disorders and problems antibody production and vaccination biotechnology

IgE antibodies are known as cytotropic antibodies because

  1. They are fixed on mast cell and basophils.

  2. They are fixed on eosinophils.

  3. They are fixed on neutrophils.

  4. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

IgE antibodies are called cytotropic because they have a high affinity for receptors on the surface of mast cells and basophils.

Multiple choice zoology allergy immunity related disorders and problems antibody production and vaccination biotechnology

Arrange the given statement in the correct order according to type II hypersensitivity reactions.
a) IgG or IgM antibodies react with the antigen on the surface of cells.
b) Opsonization and phagocytosis. 
c) Activation of the complement cascade.
d) Cell death and lysis.

  1. a,b,c,d

  2. a,c,b,d

  3. a,d,c,b

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In Type II hypersensitivity, antibodies bind to the cell surface (a), which then activates the complement cascade (c), leading to opsonization and phagocytosis (b), and finally cell death (d).

Multiple choice zoology allergy immunity related disorders and problems antibody production and vaccination biotechnology

Which of the following cell releases a hydrolytic enzyme during type IV hypersensitivity reaction?

  1. Macrophages

  2. T killer cells

  3. T helper cells

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Type IV hypersensitivity Is a type of cell-mediated response. CD4+ helper T cells recognize antigen in a complex with major histocompatibility complex  Class II. The antigen-presenting cells are macrophages that secrete IL-12, which stimulates the proliferation of further CD4+ Th cells which secrete IL-2 and interferon gamma. This further inducing the release of other Th cytokines, thus mediating the immune response. Activated CD8+ T cells kill target cells on contact, whereas activated macrophages produce hydrolytic enzymes. Thus the correct answer is option A. 
Multiple choice zoology allergy immunity related disorders and problems antibody production and vaccination biotechnology

Which of the following step is not a part of hypersensitivity type IV reaction?

  1. Sensitization

  2. Antigen presentation

  3. Phagocytosis

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Type IV hypersensitivity is cell-mediated (T-cells) and does not involve antibody-mediated phagocytosis or classical antigen presentation in the same way as humoral responses.