Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

Third generation pesticides are

zoology sustainable agriculture microbes and farming biopesticide environmental protection

  1. Pheromones

  2. Juvenile hormone analogues

  3. Insect repellents

  4. Pathogens

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The third generation pesticides are basically the modified forms of the insect hormones that show a great specificity to the pest or insect targetted. The juvenile hormone analogues such as methoprene, hydroprene and fenoxycarb do not kill the insect directly but prevent the development of their larvae. Gradually, they decrease the population of the insect as the adult insects will never be formed.

Hence, the correct answer is 'Juvenile hormone analogues'

Natural insecticides are obtained mostly from microbes.

zoology sustainable agriculture microbes and farming biopesticide environmental protection

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Some examples of Natural insecticides are Neem oil insecticides, Garlic insecticide spray, Oil spray insecticide etc. Hence these are not obtained from microbes.
So, the corrct option is 'False'

Microbe used for biocontrol of pest butterfly caterpillars is 

zoology sustainable agriculture microbes and farming biopesticide environmental protection

  1. Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  2. Bacillus thuringiensis

  3. Streptococcus sp.

  4. Trichoderma sp.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Bacillus thuringiensis , a soil-dwelling bacterium, is the most widely applied species of bacteria used for biological control,  used against Lepidopteran, Coleopteran and Dipteran.
So, the correct answer is 'Bacillus thuringiensis'

Trichoderma harzianum has proved to be a useful microorganism for:

zoology sustainable agriculture microbes and farming biopesticide environmental protection

  1. gene transfer in higher plants

  2. biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens

  3. bioremediation of contaminated soils

  4. reclamation of wastelands.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Teicoderma harzianum is a fungus that is also used as a fungicide. It is used for foliar application, and soil treatment for various disease causing fungal pathogens.
So, the correct option is 'biological control of soil-borne plant pathogen'

Which of the following statements regarding baculoviruses as biocontrol agents is/are correct ?

zoology sustainable agriculture microbes and farming biopesticide environmental protection

  1. The majority of baculovirus used as biocontrol agents are included in the genus - Nucleopolyhedrovirus

  2. Infection with baculoviruses occurs when susceptible hosts (e.g., some specific insects) eat virus particle present on foliage and dies.

  3. These are important in organic farming because of their specific action on harmful insects without causing any damage to beneficial insects as well as to the environment.

  4. All of these

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. The majority of them used as a biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus.These viruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. Infection with baculoviruses occurs when susceptible hosts eat virus particle present on foliage and dies. These are important in organic farming because of their specific action on harmful insects without causing any damage to beneficial insects as well as to the environment.

So, the correct option is 'Option D' .

Which of the following is non-biodegradable?

zoology garbage in, garbage out plastic waste environmental impact: plastics plastic

  1. Plastic

  2. Cotton

  3. Paper

  4. Left-over food

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The plastics are the non-biodegradable wastes because they are synthetic polymers which cannot be acted upon by the microbes. They cannot be degraded by the decomposition activity of the bacteria and fungi. The cotton, paper and leftover food are degradable. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Which of the following sequences is correct to initiate inspiration? 
(i)    The contraction of external intercostal muscles raises the ribs and sternum
(ii)   Volume of thorax increases in the dorso-ventral axis 
(iii)  Intrapulmonary pressure decreases 
(iv)  Diaphragm contraction 
(v)   Air rushes into lungs 
(vi)   Volume of thorax increases in the anterior-posterior axis 

zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

  1. (i),(ii),(iv),(v),(iii),(vi)

  2. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (vi), (v)

  3. (i),(ii),(iv),(vi),(iii),(v)

  4. (vi), (v), (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The correct sequence of events in the initiation of respiration is:
(i)    The contraction of external intercostal muscles raises the ribs and sternum
(ii)    The volume of thorax increases in the dorsoventral axis
(iv)    Diaphragm contraction
(vi)    The volume of thorax increases in the anterior-posterior axis
(iii)    Intrapulmonary pressure decreases

(v)    Air rushes into lungs
So, the correct answer is '(i),(ii),(iv),(vi),(iii),(v)'.

The ventilation movements of the lungs in mammals are governed by

zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

  1. muscular walls of lung

  2. diaphragm

  3. costal muscles

  4. both (b) and (c).

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
The relaxation and contraction of the diaphragm and the movement of the costal muscles present in the thorax of an individual are responsible for the ventilation movements of the lungs that facilitate respiration.
So, the correct answer is 'both (b) and (c)'.

Expiration is normally brought about by the relaxation of diaphragm

zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The relaxation of external intercostal muscles and diaphragm leads to return of diaphragm, ribs, and sternum to resting position thus restoring thoracic cavity to pre-inspiratory volume. The pressure in the lungs increases and the air is exhaled.
So, the correct answer is option A.

The process of taking air in is called as

zoology respiratory system of human mechanism of respiration respiratory cycle breathing and exchange of gas

  1. Excretion

  2. Expiration

  3. Inspiration

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

During inspiration, the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward while the muscles between the ribs contract and pull upward. This increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside. As a result, air rushes in and fills the lungs.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.