Tag: zoology

Questions Related to zoology

According to Susruta Samhita, Virudha consisted of

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Flowering plants.

  2. Shrubs.

  3. Osadhi.

  4. Jangama.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • The Sushruta Samhita is an ancient Sanskrit text on medicine and surgery, and one of the most important such treatises on this subject to survive from the ancient world.
  • The Susruta Samhita was written by the famous physician and surgeon Susruta in the 6th century BC who taught at the University of Benares (alternatively Kasi or Varanasi) on the Ganges River.
  • According to Susruta Samhita, Virudha consisted of shrubs.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Shrubs'

Number of plants described by Linnaeus is

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. 15000

  2. 13291

  3. 5900

  4. 2781

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, and zoologist laid the foundations for the modern biological naming scheme of binomial nomenclature. He is known as the father of modern taxonomy and is also considered one of the fathers of modern ecology.
The establishment of universally accepted conventions for the naming of organisms was Linnaeus' main contribution to taxonomy—the starting point of consistent use of binomial nomenclature in his books like Systema Natura, Species Plantarum, Genera Plantarum in which he described 5900 plants in total.
So, the correct option is '5900'.

Consider the following statements with reference to criterion/criteria used in the classification of plants in the engler and Prantl's system.
a. The families were arranged according to the increasing complexity of flower and fruit.
b. In flowering plants absence of perianth was considered as a primitive character
c. Monocots were considered to be more primitive than dicots
d. Unisexual flowers were derived from bisexual flowers.
Which of the statements given are correct?

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. $1$ and $2$

  2. $1$ and $4$

  3. $1, 2$ and $3$

  4. $2, 3$ and $4$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  1. In the rules of nomenclature, families are arranged according to the arrangement of the complexity of flower (position of the gynoecium, the arrangement of anthers etc) and fruit (originated from ovary, or from thalamus ).
  2. Perianth means the fusion of calyx and corolla (lily) but similar structure also found in mosses and liverworts (bryophytes) and as these are the primitive plant it is supposed that perianth is a primitive character.
  3. Monocots were considered more advanced than dicots in the way of photosynthesis they have more advance system and are called C$ _4$ plants and their vascular bundles, the arrangement of leaves etc are much different and evolved the dicots.
  4. Plants adopted unisexuality and evolved from bisexuality to prevent genetic depression it is one of the most common methods of prevention of Autogamy and geitonogamy.
So the correct option is "1 and 2".

System of classification proposed by two botanists and claimed to be natural system is by

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Bentham and Hooker

  2. Aristotle and Theophrastus

  3. Darwin and Wallace

  4. Engler and Prantl

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Natural classification is based on the complete morphological characters of stem, root, leaves, flowers etc. Bentham and Hooker's classification is based on these characters hence it is an example of to be the natural system.
  • Aristotle and Theophrastus used simple and observable traits for classification.
  • Darwin and Wallace were associated with theories related to evolution.
  • Engler and Prantl presented the evolutionary system of classification
So, the correct option is 'Bentham and Hooker'.

Which is the correct date of publication of "Species Plantarum" authored by Carolus Linnaeus?

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. 1st May, 1753

  2. 1st January, 1935

  3. 1st January, 1856

  4. 1st May, 1858

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Species Plantarum was published in 1st May 1753.
  • Linnaeus gave the scientific names of plants of about 6000 species. He established binomial nomenclature in this book which is widely accepted as the starting point of nomenclature of plants
So, the correct option is '1st May 1753'.

In Bentham and Hooker's system classification, ranales are included under

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Calyciflorae

  2. Inferae

  3. Disciflorae

  4. Thalamiflorae

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In the Bentham and Hooker classification they were characterized as having "stamens usually many, carpels free, endosperm conspicuous, embryo small". The Ranales were the first cohort of the Thalamiflorae according to this classification.

So, the correct option is ' Thalamiflorae'.

Aristotle divided animals into

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Protozoa and metazoa

  2. Chordates and nonchordates

  3. Anaima and enaima

  4. Arboreal and terrestrial

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Aristotle was a Greek philosopher during the Classical period in Ancient Greece, the founder of the Lyceum and the Peripatetic school of philosophy and Aristotelian tradition. 
  • Aristotle was born in 384 B.C. in Stagira in northern Greece.
  • Aristotle divided animals into Aniama( "those without RBC") and enaima( "those with blood). Anaima examples invertebrates and Enaima examples vertebrates
  • So, the correct answer is 'Anaima and enaima'.

Sthavara of Susrata were

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Animals

  2. Fishes

  3. Quadrupeds

  4. Plants

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • The Sushruta Samhita is an ancient Sanskrit text on medicine and surgery, and one of the most important such treatises on this subject to survive from the ancient world.
  • The Susruta Samhita was written by the famous physician and surgeon Susruta in the 6th century BC who taught at the University of Benares (alternatively Kasi or Varanasi) on the Ganges River.
  • Sthavara of Susrata was Animals.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Animals'.

Teloma theory(Zimmermann, $1930$) is related to origin of.

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Pollen tube

  2. Vascular plants

  3. Seed

  4. Fruit

Show answer
Correct Option: B

Bentham and Hooker proposed their system of classification in

zoology why classification? history of classification of organisms introduction to classification of living organisms living world and classification

  1. Genera Plantarum

  2. Species Plantarum

  3. Historia Plantarum

  4. Historia Naturae

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Bentham and Hooker proposed their system of classification in the book Genera Plantarum. In this book, they gave the biggest and natural classification of seed plants. Their system of classification was based on the principle of natural affinities and is considered as pre-Darwinian as it does not take evolution into account.

So, the correct option is 'Genera Plantarum'.