To answer this question, the user needs to know what the V-model is and its characteristics.
The V-model is a software development model that illustrates the relationship between each phase of the development life cycle and its corresponding testing phase. The model is called the V-model because it takes the shape of the letter "V".
Now, let's go through each option and explain why it is right or wrong:
A. It states that modules are tested against user requirements. This statement is incorrect. The V-model specifies that each phase of the development life cycle has a corresponding testing phase. The testing phase in the V-model is not limited to testing modules against user requirements.
B. It only models the testing phase. This statement is incorrect. The V-model models the entire software development life cycle, including requirements gathering, design, coding, and testing.
C. It specifies the test techniques to be used. This statement is incorrect. While the V-model provides guidance on the testing phase, it does not specify the exact test techniques to be used.
D. It includes the verification of designs. This statement is correct. The V-model includes the verification of designs as part of the development life cycle. The model specifies that testing should start at the beginning of the development life cycle, with the verification of requirements, and continue through the design, coding, and testing phases.
Therefore, the answer is: D.