Tag: chemistry

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Multiple choice chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

In which layer, most of the atmospheric air is present?

  1. Troposphere

  2. Stratosphere

  3. Mesosphere

  4. Thermosphere
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fifty percent of the total mass of the atmosphere is located in the lower $5-6$ $km$ of the troposphere. Nearly all atmospheric water vapour or moisture is found in the troposphere. So, it is the layer where most of the earth's weather takes place.

Multiple choice chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

Which of these gases is an atmospheric pollutant?
1 carbon monoxide
2 nitrogen dioxide
3 sulfur dioxide.

  1. $1$ only
  2. $2$ only
  3. $3$ only
  4. $1, 2$ and $3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Solution:- (D) $1, \; 2$ and $3$

These all gases are atmospheric pollutants as all lead to air pollution.
coz  of
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and carbon monoxide are important ambient air pollutants. High-intensity, confined space exposure to NO2 has caused catastrophic injury to humans, including death. Ambient NO2 exposure may increase the risk of respiratory tract infections through the pollutant's interaction with the immune system. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) contributes to respiratory symptoms in both healthy patients and those with underlying pulmonary disease. Controlled human exposure studies have demonstrated that experimental SO2 exposure causes changes in airway physiology, including increased airways resistance. Both acute and chronic exposure to carbon monoxide are associated with increased risk for adverse cardiopulmonary events, including death. However, studies have not demonstrated a clear dose-dependent health risk response to increasing amounts of these pollutants except at high concentrations. In addition, a number of studies examining the effects of ambient level exposure to NO2, SO2, and CO have failed to find associations with adverse health outcomes.

Multiple choice chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

The pollutant in air responsible for acid rain is carbon monoxide.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides dissolve very easily in water and can be carried very far by the wind. As a result, the two compounds can travel long distances where they become part of the rain, sleet, snow, and fog that we experience on certain days.
Hence, The pollutant in air responsible for acid rain is sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

Multiple choice chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

 A thick fog-like layer in the atmosphere, especially during winters it is called:

  1. smoke

  2. smog

  3. dust

  4. none of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Smog is a thick fog-like layer in the atmosphere, especially during winters, made up of fog and smoke. 


Sulphur dioxide is mainly produced by burning fuels such as coal. It causes respiratory problems, including permanent lung damage.

Hence, the correct option is $\text{B}$

Multiple choice chemistry planet earth acid deposition air and air pollution natural resources- air, water and land

Acid rain is a mixture of:

  1. sulphuric acid with hydrochloric acid and nitric acid with nitrous acid

  2. sulphuric acid with sulphurous acid and nitric acid with hydrochloric acid

  3. sulphuric acid with sulphurous acid and nitric acid with nitrous acid

  4. sulphuric acid with nitrous acid and nitric acid with sulphurous acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When oxides of sulphur and nitrogen emitted by the industries, react with the moisture present in the atmosphere they form acids.

The acids formed by sulphur oxides are sulphuric acid with sulphurous acid and the acids formed by nitrogen oxides are nitric acid with nitrous acid.
These acids are responsible for the acidity of rains. The pH of acid rain is 5.5
Thus, the correct answer is option (C).