Tag: chemistry

Questions Related to chemistry

Name the new antacid which prevents formation of acid in stomach.

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. Omeprazole

  2. Pantaprazole

  3. Hemoprazole

  4. none of these

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Omeprazole is the recently developed antacid which is used to prevent the formation of acid in the stomach.

Which of the following substance is an antacid?

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. $NaCl$

  2. $Mg(OH) _2$

  3. $HCl$

  4. $H _2SO _4$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Due to its mildly basic and non-toxic nature, magnesium hydroxide is widely used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acids and prevent indigestion and heartburn. 

It is also used as a laxative, antiperspirant, underarm deodorant, to treat sores, in wastewater treatment, and as a fire retardant.

Therefore, the correct option is B.

Which of the following is not used as an antacid ? 

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. Magnesium hydroxide

  2. Sodium carbonate

  3. Sodium bicarbonate

  4. Aluminium phosphate

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

An antacid is a substance which neutralizes stomach acidity and is used to relieve heartburn, indigestion or an upset stomach.

Example- $Mg(OH) _2, Na _2CO _3, NaHCO _3$.
Aluminum phosphate is not used as an antacid.
Hence, the correct option is D.

Which of the following anti histamine does not act as antacid?

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. Terfendine

  2. Lansoprazole

  3. Cintindine

  4. Rantidine

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

$(B)$ Lansoprazole

It does not act as antacid because it is used for treatment of nonerosive gastroesophsgeal reflux disease.

The drug cimetidine was designed to:

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. prevent the interaction of histamine with receptors

  2. stimulates the secretion of pepsin

  3. reduce gaestro intestinal juices

  4. all of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A,C
Explanation:

The drug cimetidine (Tegamet), was designed to prevent the interaction of histamine with the receptors present in the stomach wall. This resulted in release of lesser amount of acid. The importance of the drug was so much that it remained the largest selling drug in the world until another drug, ranitidine (Zantac), was discovered.

An antacid tablet weighing 1 g containing aluminium hydroxide as the only basic substance and the rest of its components being neutral, was dissolved in 200 mL of 0.1 M HCI. The excess HCI was back titrated and required  90 mL of 0.1 N base for exact neutralization. Mill equivalents of aluminum hydroxide in the sample of antacid tablet is 

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. 9

  2. 11

  3. 12

  4. 20

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Correct Option: B

The main function of an antiacid is

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. to neutralise body acid

  2. to neutralise body base

  3. both $a$ and $b$

  4. $None\ of\ these$

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Correct Option: A

Histamine is responsible for the nasal congestion associated with common cold and allergic response to pollen.

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The pollen triggers these cells in nasal chambers, causing them to release histamine and the other chemicals. Histamine dilates the small blood vessels of the nose and fluids leak out into surrounding tissues causing allergy symptoms.

So, the above statement is true.

Examples of antacids are:

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. sodium hydroxide

  2. sodium bicarbonate

  3. magnesium hydroxide

  4. urea

Show answer
Correct Option: B,C
Explanation:

Antacids: Tension and mental stress escalate the level of acid in bile juice. This hyperacidity can be combated using bases like calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide or aluminium hydroxide in the form of tablets or aqueous suspensions. These react with hydrochloric acid in the stomach and neutralize it partially. Gelusil and Digene are two examples of antacids. Antacids must be basic but not enough to make it caustic. Hence, options B and C are appropriate.

Urea is responsible for the nasal congestion associated with common cold and allergic response to pollen.

chemistry medicinal chemistry antacids and antihistamines therapeutic action of different classes of drugs ph regulation of the stomach

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The pollen triggers these cells in nasal chambers, causing them to release histamine and the other chemicals. Histamine dilates the small blood vessels of the nose and fluids leak out into surrounding tissues causing allergy symptoms.

So, the above statement is false.