Tag: chemistry

Carbon nanotubes are used as strengthening rods and toughening elements in structural composite materials. Example of a carbon nanotube is Fullerene nanotube.

All of the above are the disadvantages of nanomaterials.
Nanomaterials are very expensive.
Also, nanomaterials are also pretty difficult to manufacture
Hence, products made with nanotechnology are more expensive.
Nanoparticles are very small, inhalation of these particles can cause problems similar to the problems from inhaling minute asbestos particles.

The following lists the disadvantages of nanomaterials
The value of oil may decrease as more efficient sources of energy might be developed which won't require the use of fossil fuels.
Products at the molecular level can be developed,  so that diamonds may lose its value due to mass production.

The nanomaterials are classified into
nanolayers, nanotubes or nanowires and nanoparticles.
Nanolayers are the nanomaterials with only one dimension between 1 nm and 100 nm.
Nanotubes or nanowires are the nanomaterials with two dimension between 1 nm and 100 nm.
Nanoparticles are the nanomaterials with three dimension between 1 nm and 100 nm.

Gold nanoparticles are highly effective as selective oxidation catalysts. It is used in the oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes.

The metal oxide nanoparticles are widely used in sunscreens and cosmetics, stain-resistant fabrics and dirt repellent paints. They are used in sunscreen and cosmetics because they reflect the visible light and absorb UV light efficiently.

All of the given statements are true.
The surface of a quantum dot can be chemically modified by attaching an organic molecule. A modified quantum dot targets and forms a chemical bond with a specific biomolecule such as DNA or protein.
The modified quantum dots are thousand times smaller than the human cells. They can easily penetrate cell membranes.
When modified quantum dots bound to a bio-molecule are irradiated with UV light they emit light of a particular wavelength dependent on size of quantum dots. 
If a mixture of quantum dots of different size and different surface modifications are irradiated with a single light source, the detection tracking and having coloured images of a number of different biomolecules within a cell is possible.

In future nanomaterials can be used to detect human cancer at its earliest and most curable stages. Currently, the application of various nanoparticles (including quantum dots) for cancer detection and treatment is under study.

As a result of their good physical and chemical properties such as the strongest and stiffest materials yet discovered in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus respectively and good electrical and thermal conductor, carbon nano tubes have potential use in a variety of industrial and biomedical applications including: Catalysis, Biosensor, Drug carriers composite materials with improved mechanical and electrical properties. Hence option D is correct

Nanoscience deals with the scientific study of objects with sizes in the 1-100 nm range in one dimension.