Tag: respiration
Questions Related to respiration
Oxidation of glucose to CO$ _2$ and water occurs during
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Glycolysis
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Pentose phosphate pathway
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Krebs cycle
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All of the above
Pentose phosphate pathway is the only pathway in which glucose is completely oxidised to CO$ _2$ and H$ _2$O. It is also called HMP (hexose monophosphate shunt) as it is an alternate pathway to glycolysis. The primary substrate glucose is first phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate in presence of G6PD by consuming 1 ATP. A net gain of 35 ATP is achieved by oxidation of 1 molecule of glucose.
Which of the following enzyme helps in conversion of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose-5-phosphate?
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6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
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Hexokinase
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Alpha-ketoglutarate
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None of the above
This conversion takes place during the oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway.
Erythrose 4-phosphate is used in synthesis of
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Carbohydrates.
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Aromatic amino acid.
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NADH.
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Erythrose-4-phosphate.
Erythrose-4-phosphate is an intermediate produced in the pentose phosphate pathway. It is involved in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. All the carbons in phenylalanine and tyrosine are produced from erythrose-4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate. Phenylalanine and tyrosine are aromatic amino acids. Thus the correct answer is option B.
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Glycolysis
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Fermentation
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TCA cycle
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Electron transport coupled with chemiosmosis
Glycolysis is an oxidative process in which one molecule of glucose is partially oxidised into two molecules of pyruvate in a series of enzyme catalysed reactions. Glycolysis, the major pathway for glucose metabolism, occurs in the cytosol of cells. It is a unique pathway that occurs aerobically as well as anaerobically and does not involve molecular oxygen.
Which one requires oxygen?
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Fermentation.
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EMP pathway.
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Pentose phosphate pathway.
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None of the above.
All the processes occur in the absence of oxygen i.e., anaerobic condition.
Which is not pentose?
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Erythrose
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Ribose
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Xylose
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Arabinose
The pentose sugars ribose and deoxyribose are part of the nucleotides that make up the crucial nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. So the correct option is 'Erythrose'.
Which one of the following hormone never reaches to cytoplasm?
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Estrogen
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FSH
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Progesterone
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Testosterone
FSH is a proteinaceous hormone. It does not enter its target cells, thus, it never reaches to cytoplasm. Instead, it binds to the receptor present on the cell membrane and activates a membrane bound enzyme that causes conversion of ATP to cAMP. This then alters the activities of enzyme in the cytoplasm.
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${O} _{2}$
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cyt $a$
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cyt ${a} _{2}$
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cyt ${a} _{3}$
In electron transport chain, there are 7 electron acceptors, which are as follows $Co-Q\rightarrow Cyt\,\, b\rightarrow Cyt \,\,{c} _{1} \rightarrow Cyt \,\,c\rightarrow Cyt \,\,a\rightarrow Cyt \,\,{a} _{3}\rightarrow{O} _{2}$. Oxygen is the ultimate electron acceptor. These electron acceptors are present in a specific sequence along inner mitochondrial membrane.
Anaerobic respiration in plants yields lactic acid.
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True
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False
Aerobic respiration is more advantageous than anaerobic respiration because
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It requires oxygen
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It produces more energy
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It causes complete breakdown of respiratory substrate
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Aerobic respiration produces water.
The oxidative breakdown of respiratory substrates with the help of atmospheric oxygen is known as aerobic respiration. It involves a complete breakdown of substrates into carbon dioxide and water releasing energy. The energy released per mole of glucose is 686 Kcal or 2870 kJ.
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