Tag: respiratory system

Questions Related to respiratory system

Brown coloured respiratory pigment is?

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. Chlorocruorin

  2. Pinnaglobin

  3. Haemocyanin

  4. Myoglobin

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Correct Option: B

Respiratory membrane consists of.

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. Alveolar wall and ducts

  2. Membrane of alveolar ducts and capillaries

  3. Inner and outer pleural membranes and pleural fluid

  4. Alveolar wall, alveolar capillary and interstitial space

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Correct Option: D

When we breathe in air, nitrogen also goes inside along with oxygen. What is the fate of this nitrogen?

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. It moves along with oxygen into the cells.

  2. It comes out with the $CO _{2}$ during exhalation.

  3. It is absorbed only by the nasal cells.

  4. Nitrogen concentration is already more in the cells so it is not at all absorbed.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Breathing is an act of ventilating a respiratory surface with air. Breathing is usually accomplished through muscular movements that can be divided into inspiration (intake of air ) and expiration (outflow of air). The composition of inhaled air is 20.94 % oxygen, 0.04 % carbon dioxide, 79.02 % nitrogen and trace gases. The composition of exhaled air is 16.49 % oxygen, 4.49 % carbon dioxide, 79.02 % nitrogen and other trace gases. The nitrogen is an inert gas, during breathing, there is no change in nitrogen percentage in inhaled as compared to exhaled air.

Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about respiration?
(i) During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised.
(ii) In the alveoli, exchange of gases takes place i.e., oxygen from alveolar air diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide from blood into alveolar air.
(iii) Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen.
(iv) Alveoli increase surface area for exchange of gases.

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. (i) and (iv)

  2. (ii) and (iii)

  3. (i) and (iii)

  4. (ii) and (iv)

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

During inhalation, diaphragm contraction occurs which induces the lower ribs to move upward and forward, which also increases thoracic volume. The ribs move outward because the central tendon of the diaphragm (at the crown of the dome) pushes down onto the liver and stomach, which act like a fulcrum. Oxygen enters into the alveoli. Alveoli, is the site for gaseous exchange and they increase the surface area for facilitating the process. 
Carbon monoxide has 210 times greater affinity for haemoglobin than oxygen. Thus, the correct answer is option D.


Breathing:

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. ventilates lungs

  2. draws air into airways

  3. expels air from airways

  4. all of these

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Breathing is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs to facilitate gas exchange with the internal environment, by bringing in oxygen & expelling out carbon dioxide.

So, the correct option is 'all of these'.

The inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume is the same as

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. inspiratory capacity + expiratory reserve volume

  2. total lung capacity - functional residual capacity

  3. inspiratory capacity + functional residual capacity

  4. inspiratory capacity + residual volume.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) + tidal volume (TV) + expiratory reserve volume (ERV) represents vital capacity (VC). Now, inspiratory capacity is the total volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal expiration. It includes tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume i.e., IC = TV + IRV. Thus, option (a) is correct which says that vital capacity/.e., IRV + TV + ERV = IC + ERV.

Abdominal breathing refers to

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. Normal breathing

  2. Slow breathing

  3. Fast breathing

  4. Voluntary breathing

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Diaphragmatic or abdominal breathing is the normal pattern of breathing at rest: the abdomen protrudes as the diaphragm is lowered. It is done by contracting the diaphragm, a muscle located horizontally between the chest cavity and stomach cavity. Air enters the lungs and the belly expands during this type of breathing.This deep breathing is marked by expansion of the abdomen rather than the chest when breathing.

Pulmonary surfactant is 

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. Amino acid

  2. Steroid

  3. Phospholipid

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active lipoprotein complex (phospholipoprotein) formed by type II alveolar cells.
  •  The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. 
  • It helps to increase pulmonary compliance, To prevent a collapse of the lung at the end of expiration. Hence, Pulmonary surfactant is a phospholipid.
So, the correct answer is ' phospholipid'.

Rate of breathing in rabbit is

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. 12 / min

  2. 36-38 / min

  3. 100 / min

  4. 30-60 / min

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The normal respiration rate in an adult rabbit is 30 - 60/minute, but some breathe faster than this if they are hot or stressed.

Which one of the following statements is not correct?

zoology respiratory system phases in respiration human respiratory system parts of respiration

  1. Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast.

  2. Fermentation is a form of aerobic respiration.

  3. Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen.

  4. Alveoli increase the surface area for the exchange of gases.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In fermentation, the carbohydrate gets broken down, but instead of making pyruvate, the final product is a different molecule depending on the type of fermentation. Fermentation is most often triggered by a lack of sufficient amounts of oxygen to continue running the aerobic respiration chain. Humans undergo lactic acid fermentation. Instead of pyruvate, lactic acid is created instead. Other organisms can undergo alcoholic fermentation where the end product is neither pyruvate nor lactic acid. The organism makes ethyl alcohol as an end product. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.