Tag: respiratory system
Questions Related to respiratory system
In respiration the energy is produced during the process of
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Glycolysis
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Krebs cycle
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Glycolysis and Krebs cycle
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Ornithine cycle
Glycolysis is the first step of respiration which converts the glucose molecules into two molecules of pyruvate along with the production of 8 ATP. The two pyruvate molecules produced by the glycolysis enters the Krebs cycle. Each molecule of pyruvate produces 15 ATP. So total 30 ATP is formed during the Krebs cycle. Total 38 ATP is formed during the aerobic respiration.
The common immediate source of energy in cellular activity is
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ADP
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ATP
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FAD
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NAD
ATP is an Adenosine triphosphate (ribose sugar, adenine base, and three phosphate groups), where a high energy bond attaches the third phosphate group to the molecule. The highly unstable bonds break to release the inorganic phosphate to fulfill the energy required for the metabolism.
Who is credited with study of external respiration for the first time?
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Dutrochet
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Pasteur
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Cruickshank
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Lavosier
External respiration is the process of gaseous exchange between the external environment and the blood stream. Antonie Lavoiser, a French Nobleman is considered as father of modern chemistry who along with chemistry also contributed in the fields of biology, finance and economics. He explained combustion and respiration in terms of chemical reactions involving oxygen. He showed that respiration was a slow combustion of organic material using inhaled oxygen.
Cellular respiration is
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Continuous
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Intermittent
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Performed at intervals
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Held when energy is required
Cellular respiration is a continuous process of oxidation of food to produce energy. The energy produced is utilized by human beings to carry out all the life processes such as digestion, excretion, circulation etc. Since these are continuous processes and do not stop, so they require continuous energy. If the energy is produced intermittently it will slow down these processes and affect the individual.
The rate at which oxygen moves from the alveoli of our lungs into our blood
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Depends on the difference in oxygen concentration between the alveoli and the blood.
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Depends on the color of the alveoli.
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Depends on the availability of energy to transport gases across the membrane.
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None of the above.
The rate at which oxygen moves from the alveoli of our lungs into our blood depends on the difference in oxygen concentration between the alveoli and the blood. More is the oxygen absorbed by our lungs, more is it utilized by body muscles.
During respiration, exchange of gases takes place in
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Trachea and Larynx
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Alveoli of lungs
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Alveoli and throat
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Throat and Larynx
Alveoli are tiny sacs from the bronchiolar extensions within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and bloodstream.
Utilization of $O _2$ by the cells to derive energy from nutrients for performing various activities and resultant release of $CO _2$ as by-produced is called
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Breathing
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Cellular respiration
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Pulmonary ventilation
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Fermentation
| Name of the process | By-product |
|---|---|
| Breathing | CO2 |
| Cellular respiration | CO2 + H2O+ 38 ATP |
| Pulmonary ventilation | Commonly known as breathing, so as breathing the by-product is CO2 |
| Fermentation(takes place in anaerobic condition) | Ethanol + CO2 (alcohol fermentation)Lactate (lactic acid fermentation). |
So, the correct answer is 'Breathing', 'Cellular respiration' and 'Pulmonary ventilation'.
Descending aorta and pulmonary trunks are
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Muscular arteries
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Medium arteries
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Elastic arteries
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Arterioles major
Descending aorta and pulmonary trunks are elastic arteries and are quite distensible.
The respiratory centers, which control inspiration and expiration, are located in?
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Diencephalon
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Medulla oblongata
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Cerebellum
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Spinal cord
Air is breathed through
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Trachea $\rightarrow$ lungs $\rightarrow$ larynx $\rightarrow$ pharynx $\rightarrow$ alveoli
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Nose $\rightarrow$ larynx $\rightarrow$ pharynx $\rightarrow$ bronchus $\rightarrow$ alveoli $\rightarrow$ bronchioles
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Nostril $\rightarrow$ pharynx $\rightarrow$ larynx $\rightarrow$ trachea $\rightarrow$ bronchi $\rightarrow$ bronchioles $\rightarrow$ alveoli
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Nose $\rightarrow$ mouth $\rightarrow$ lungs
In humans respiratory system consists of respiratory tract (conducting zone) and lungs (exchange zone). The respiratory tract is the passage from external nostrils to lungs or a passage by which air enters into lungs. The respiratory passage starting from external nostrils is nasal chamber --> internal nares --> nasopharynx -->pharynx --> glottis --> larynx --> trachea --> bronchial tree (bronchi and bronchioles) --> alveoli.