Tag: history

In Jan, 1905 under the leadership of Father Georgii Gapon drafted a petition for the improved working condition and some political reforms for the steel workers of St. Petersburg. This petition led to shooting of several hundred workers outside Winter Palace.

Lenin was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He is considered to be first communist revolutionary in the world. Lenin was founder of the Russian Communist Party. He was the leader of the Bolshevik Revolution and architect and first head of the Soviet state. He developed political theories which are known as Leninism. Leninism is the political theory for the democratic organisation of a revolutionary vanguard party and the achievement of a dictatorship of the proletariat, as political prelude to the establishment of socialism.

The Civil War in Russia was a result of the emergence of opposition against the Bolsheviks. The opposition groups included monarchists, militarists, and, for a short time, foreign nations. Collectively, they were known as the Whites while the Bolsheviks were known as the Reds. The Russian Civil War tore Russia apart during a three-year period, from 1918 and 1921.

Due to acute shortages of grain supplies and outdated modes of production Stalin introduced the collectivization programme. Under this program, peasants were forced to cultivate on collective farms called as Kolkhoz. Those who resisted collectivization programme were severely punished and many were deported and exiled. Independent cultivation was also allowed but such cultivators were treated unsympathetically. This programme did not lead to an increase in production immediately.  

Tsar dissolve Duma in 1906 because he was scared of liberalism.

The Imperial Russian Army (also known as 'Russian steamroller') was the armed force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917 when Tsar Nicholas II was ruling the country. It consisted of more than 900,000 regular soldiers and was the largest armed force during the First World War. The army also played an important role in the downfall of the Tsarist power.

At the start of the 20th century in Russia, all the power was vested in the hands of a hereditary monarch who was called "Tsar". But when Tsar regime was under attack pro- Tsarists group came into existence during the early years of the 1900s. They were called 'White' and controlled most of the Russian empire from 1918 to 1919. 

Operation Blackboard is a centrally sponsored programme which was started in $1987$ immediately after the Rajiv Gandhi NPE (National Policy Education) of $1986$.

'Backwash effect' was firstly introduced by Gunnar Myrdal. He explained that the growth of one region may hamper the growth of other region from where the resources are used.