Tag: history

The main problem of newly independent India was ensuring the unity of India, which is the country of diversity, its refugees rehabilitation and assimilation of princely states.

The main role of planning commission was to formulate policies which would guide the economic development, so that democracy can be achieved.

The first election was the big task for Indian Election commission because of large number of illiterate population. Hence it was held between 1951 to 1952.

Organization of the elections was a wondrous task. There was a house-to-house survey to register the voters. With over 70 per cent of the voters being illiterate, the candidates were to be identified by symbols, assigned to each major party and independent candidates, painted on the ballot-boxes (this was later changed to symbols on the ballot papers). The voters were to place the ballot papers in the box assigned to a particular candidate, and ballot was secret. Over 224,000 polling booths, one for almost every 1000 voters, were constructed and equipped with over 21/2 million steel ballot-boxes, one box for every candidate.

India's electoral system was developed according to the directives of the Constitution. The Constitution made a provision for an Election Commission. It was to be headed by a Chief Election Commissioner, to conduct elections. It was to be independent of the executive or the parliament or the party in power.

Due to maximum number of literate population, it was necessary for election commission to have big team for conducting election properly. So, there are 3 lakhs officers and polling staffs were hired to conduct election.

The first general election was the big test for democracy in India. Because at that time India was poor and illiterate along with election commission had given right to every adult Indian citizen to vote along with women's.This kind of practice had not yet performed in European countries at that time, which are rich and literate as comparison to India.

Orissa was the first Indian state (pre-independence) formed on a linguistic basis in 1936 due to the efforts of Madhusudan Das and become province of Orissa.

The act came into effect from the constitution act, 1956 and was the seventh amendment act. This act involved measures taken by the Government of India to bring boundaries of Indian states, territories, organizing them under Linguistic lines.