Tag: science & technology

Biopsy involves removing and examining tissue from a living body to diagnose disease. It is performed on living patients to detect cancer, infections, or other conditions. Post-mortem tissue examination is called an autopsy, not biopsy, and blood samples are not biopsies.

Barium is a contrast agent used in X-rays of the alimentary canal (digestive tract) to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and intestines. The patient drinks barium sulfate, which coats the digestive lining and appears white on X-rays. It is not used for blood grouping or brain X-rays.

Dialysis artificially filters blood when kidneys fail, removing waste products and excess fluids that healthy kidneys would eliminate. It is a life-sustaining treatment for kidney failure. Dialysis does not treat heart, brain, or stomach conditions - each requires different medical interventions.

Lock jaw (trismus) is a characteristic symptom of tetanus, caused by toxins produced by Clostridium tetani bacteria. These toxins cause severe muscle spasms, particularly in the jaw and neck muscles. Cholera, plague, and diphtheria do not cause this specific jaw symptom.

This question asks for the incorrect pair. Plague is transmitted by fleas on rats, rabies by dogs, and tapeworm often infects pigs. However, polio is not transmitted by monkeys - it spreads through human feces-oral contamination. Thus, the polio-monkey pairing is factually incorrect.

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation. Unlike most arteries, pulmonary vessels carry oxygen-poor blood away from the heart. Pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the left atrium.

The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity, which is the chamber above the diaphragm. The thoracic cavity houses the lungs and heart, while the abdominal cavity contains digestive organs. The buccal cavity is the mouth.

Normal human somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 homologous pairs - one set from each parent. Gametes have 23 chromosomes. Chromosome numbers like 24 or 48 would indicate abnormalities or occur in other species.