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Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Read the following statement (A-E) and answer the question which follows them.

(A) In liverworts, mosses, and ferns, gametophytes are free-living
(B) Gymnosperms and some ferns are heterosporous.
(C) Sexual reproduction in Fucus, Volvox, and Albugo is oogamous.
(D) The sporophyte in liverworts is more elaborate than that in mosses.
(E) Both, Pinus and Marchantia are dioecious.

How many of the above statements are correct?

  1. Two

  2. Three

  3. Four

  4. One
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Gametophytes of liverworts, mosses, and ferns are independent and so are free-living.
  • Gymnosperms and some ferns are heterosporous, meaning has two different types of spores.
  • Sexual reproduction in Fucus, Volvox, and Albugo is monogamous meaning they have small flagellated male gamete and large non-flagellated female gamete.
  • The sporophyte of moss is more elaborate than the liverworts.
  • Pinus is monoecious while Marchantia is dioecious.

Thus, the correct answer is option (C), 'Three'.

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

The two extinct lines of the gymnosperms which are regarded as an ancestral stock from which the modern gymnosperms might have originated are?

  1. Cordaitales and Bennettitales

  2. Cycadales and Coniferales

  3. Ginkgoales and Cycadales

  4. Gnetales and Coniferales
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Cordaitales and the Benneitales are the two extinct lines of Gymnosperms. The former existed during the paleozoic and early mesozoic era and have been regarded as an ancestral stock from which the modern conifers and Gnetales might have originated.

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Ephedrine is obtained by

  1. Ephedra

  2. Gnetum

  3. Pinus

  4. Cycas
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ephedrine is a medicinal preparation obtained from the plant Ephedra, a genus of Gymnosperm and the only genus in its family, Ephedraceae, and order, Ephedrales. While there are various species of Ephedra, which are widespread, these are native to North America, south America, southern Europe, Africa central Asia and China. The plants of the genus Ephedra, especially E. sinica has been traditionally  used for a variety of medicinal purposes, including treatment of asthma, common cold and hay fever.

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Sequoia belongs to

  1. Cycadofilicales

  2. Gnetales

  3. Coniferales

  4. Dicots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sequoia trees are evergreen conifers. It is a member of Coniferale, family (also known as Pinnales). It is an evergreen, long-lived, monoecious tree living 1,200–1,800 years or more. It is a typically reddish brown tree with a brownish soft thick bark and are found on the western slopes of California.

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Resin canals abundantly occur in 

  1. Conifers

  2. Cycads

  3. Gnetales

  4. Dicots
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The conifers are cone-bearing seed plants. Most are trees, some are shrubs. They are formally the division Pinophyta or Coniferophyta. 

Conifers are gymnosperms. They are cone-bearing seed plants with vascular tissue. All living conifers are woody plants, the great majority being trees. 
Resin canals, sometimes referred to as resin ducts, are unique to conifer. They are technically not individual cells, but are actually open, tube-like spaces bordered by special cells, that have the ability to secrete pitch or resin into the neighboring opening (canal). One of the apparent purposes of these ducts is to protect and seal up a wound by exuding resin to cover the damaged area of the tree. 

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Which group is largest in gymnosperms?

  1. Cycadales

  2. Gnetales

  3. Coniferales

  4. Cordaitales
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Conifers are a magnificent group of gymnosperm plants that produce seeds without fruit or flowers. They include some incredible trees, such as the 'Giant Sequoias' of North America, that can grow over 110 m tall.

The conifers are by far the largest group of gymnosperms with around 630 species worldwide of a total approximation of around 860 species. The word 'conifer' is Latin for 'cone bearing', because conifers produce cones within which they produce pollen (male cone) and grow seeds (female cone).

Conifers are all woody plants, mostly trees and a few shrubby species, they have either needle-like or scale-like leaves and most species are evergreen. They include the economically important pines and many other timber species that are exploited for use in construction and paper.

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Most gymnosperms have

  1. Both archegonia and antheridia

  2. Antheridia but no archegonia

  3. Archegonia but no antheridia

  4. Neither antheridia nor archegonia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms have archegonia but no antheridia. The plants of this division are heterosporous. While the microspores or pollen grains produce the male gametophyte, the single megaspore within megasporangium (nucellus) develops into a female gametophyte, that bears two or more archegonia or female sex-organs. Also, there is no antheridium in which the sperm are produced.

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Which one of these does not require external water for fertilization?

  1. Ferns

  2. Algae

  3. Cycads

  4. Bryophytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Ferns, algae, and bryophytes find water as an essential element for fertilisation to take place. Because they are in need of water for the movement of sperms, etc. Whereas the condition is not similar in the case of Cycas.

Fertilization in Cycas;
  • The pollen tube grows towards the archegonium of the female gametophyte. There, the end of the pollen tube bursts and discharges its contents into the archegonia chamber.
  • The spermatozoids are set free in the archegonia chamber. They swim towards the neck of the archegonium and make their way down to the egg cell. One of the spermatozoids fuses with the egg uncles i.e. oosphere.
Fertilization is thus effected. 
  • The fertilized oosphere is subsequently surrounded by a wall to form oospores (2n).

Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Gymnosperms bear separate male and females flowers called as

  1. Cones

  2. Pines

  3. Gametes

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
In gymnosperms, a leafy green sporophyte generates cones containing male and female gametophytes; female cones are bigger than male cones and are located higher up in the tree.
Multiple choice gymnosperms pictorial feature of plant kingdom biology

Which gymnosperm group includes all fossil plants?

  1. Gnetales

  2. Cycadales

  3. Cycadofilicales

  4. Coniferales
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Cycadofilicales, also known as Pteridosperms or seed ferns, are an extinct group of gymnosperms known only from the fossil record.