Tag: biology

Kwashiorkor is a form of severe protein malnutrition characterized by edema, an enlarged liver with fatty infiltrations, and a visibly protruding belly. Marasmus, by contrast, involves deficiency in both protein and total calories without prominent edema.

Pulses are a primary source of protein. A diet high in bread and butter (carbohydrates and fats) but lacking in pulses (protein) leads to protein-energy malnutrition, specifically Kwashiorkor.

• Marasmus is a form of malnutrition.
•  Marasmus is a severe form of protein-energy malnutrition that results when a person does not consume enough protein and calories. Without these vital nutrients, energy levels become dangerously low and vital functions begin to stop. 
• A child with marasmus may not grow as children usually do. Hence, Marasmus disease is caused due to Protein deficiency.

Milk, eggs, and bread provide ample carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, but a diet restricted exclusively to these lacks vitamin C. Prolonged absence of vitamin C leads to scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums and poor wound healing.

Vitamin A is essential for the production of rhodopsin in the retina. Deficiency leads to difficulty seeing in low light, known as night blindness.

Pellagra is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B3 (niacin/nicotinamide). Symptoms include the 'three Ds': dermatitis (pigmented skin), diarrhea, and dementia.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is known as the antiscorbutic vitamin because it prevents scurvy.

Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting. Beri-beri is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B1 (thiamine), not Vitamin K.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is required for collagen synthesis. Its deficiency results in scurvy, characterized by bleeding gums and poor wound healing.

Scurvy is a classic deficiency disease caused by a lack of Vitamin C. Leukemia, Addison's disease, and Acromegaly are not caused by simple dietary vitamin or mineral deficiencies.