Tag: biology

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Multiple choice biology what do animals eat? digestion in ruminants nutrition in other organisms busy at work - our internal organs

The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for sometime.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The ruminants bring back swallowed grass into their mouth and chew it for sometime. Grass has cellulose. It is the carbohydrate which can only be digested by ruminants because they have rumen. When they eat grass, it is sent to the rumen where enzymes acts on it and softens it. Softened cellulose is called cud. It is sent back to the mouth where ruminants chew it for sometime.

Multiple choice biology what do animals eat? digestion in ruminants nutrition in other organisms busy at work - our internal organs

The digestive tracts of ruminants contain

  1. Halophilic bacteria

  2. Thermoacidophilic bacteria

  3. Methanobacteria

  4. Mycoplasma
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Methanogens are a group of archaebacteria that occur in marshy areas where they convert formic acid and carbon dioxide into methane. Some of the methanogen archaebacteria live as symbionts (Eg. Methanobacterium) inside the rumen or first chamber in the stomach of herbivorous animals that chew their cud (ruminants). These archaebacteria are helpful to the ruminants in the fermentation of cellulose. 

Halophiles are also archaebacteria which usually occur in the salt-rich substrate like salt marshes e.g. Halobacterium.. Thermoacidophiles have dual ability to tolerate high temperature as well as high acidity. They often live in hot sulphur springs where the temperature may be as high as 80 degrees and pH as low as 2 e.g. Thermoproteus. 
Mycoplasma is the simplest and smallest of free-living prokaryotes. They were discovered in the pleural fluid of cattle suffering from pleuropneumonia and called as Pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLOs). 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology what do animals eat? digestion in ruminants nutrition in other organisms busy at work - our internal organs

How many chambers present in stomach of ruminating mammals?

  1. Four

  2. Five

  3. Three

  4. Two
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The ruminant stomach is composed of 4 separate compartments. Food passes first into the 'rumen', then 'reticulum', 'omasum' and finally into the 'abomasum'. The first three compartments helps in digestion of complex carbohydrates with the aid of microorganisms, which produce volatile fatty acids. The abomasum functions similarly to the carnivore stomach as it is glandular and digests food chemically, rather than mechanically or by fermentation like the other 3 chambers of the ruminant stomach. Hence, option A is correct.

Multiple choice biology what do animals eat? digestion in ruminants nutrition in other organisms busy at work - our internal organs

Which of the following is the stomach part in which herbivores secretes the grass which is swallowed quickly?

  1. Lumen

  2. Pyloric

  3. Rumen

  4. Ileum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • The animals which partially digest food have a four-chambered stomach and the process of digestion is as follows: The food is chewed and swallowed quickly and passed into the first stomach called Rumen.
  •  Then the microorganisms help in breaking down the food and this partially digested food is called cud. Hence, the rumen is the stomach part in which herbivores secretes the grass which is swallowed quickly.
So, the correct answer is 'rumen'.

Multiple choice biology what do animals eat? digestion in ruminants nutrition in other organisms busy at work - our internal organs

Partially digested food in ruminants is  

  1. Chyme

  2. Cud

  3. Bolus

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • The animals which partially digest food have four chambered stomach and the process of digestion is as follows: The food is chewed and swallowed quickly and passed into the first stomach called Rumen.
  •  So, the animals are referred to as ruminants. Then the microorganisms help in breaking down the food and this partially digested food is called cud. Hence, Partially digested food in ruminants is cud.
So, the correct answer is 'cud'.

Multiple choice biology what do animals eat? digestion in ruminants nutrition in other organisms busy at work - our internal organs

Digestion of food in ruminants takes place with the help of

  1. Virus

  2. Protozoa

  3. Bacteria

  4. Parasite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The four-chambered stomach of ruminants contain bacteria. The plant material ruminants eat contain cellulose. These bacteria help in the break down of cellulose with the help of enzyme called cellulase.
So the correct answer is 'Bacteria'.
Multiple choice biology what do animals eat? digestion in ruminants nutrition in other organisms busy at work - our internal organs

Which of the following is responsible for partial digestion in the mouth of ruminants?

  1. High intake of cellulose

  2. High intake of lactose

  3. High intake of glucose

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Ruminants eat plant materials that contain cellulose. High intake of cellulose is responsible for partial digestion in the mouth. This partial digestion of cellulose is called cud. It is digested partially in the mouth by the process of regurgitation.
So the correct answer is 'High intake of cellulose'.
Multiple choice biology what do animals eat? digestion in ruminants nutrition in other organisms busy at work - our internal organs

Assertion    :  Rumen of alimentary canal of ruminant
                        animals harbour numerous bacteria and
                           protozoa

Reason      :    Bacteria and protozoa help in the secretion
                        of gastric juice in the rumen.


  1. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason

    is a correct explanation of the assertion

  2. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is

    not a correct explanation of the assertion

  3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false

  4. If both the assertion and reason are false

  5. If the assertion is false but reason is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ruminant animals such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat and camel have a compound stomach, which consists of four chamber, viz, rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum. Rumen is the first and the largest of the four chambers. Rumen and reticulum harbour numerous bacteria and protozoa, which carry out extensive fermentation of cellulose. So, these two chambers function as sites for cellulose digestion in ruminants. The gastric juice containing enzymes and HCl is secreted only by the fourth chamber i.e., Abomasum.