Tag: biology

DPD of cell A=5A=5 bars
DPD of cell B=5−5=0B=5−5=0 bars
DPD of cell C=10−4=6C=10−4=6 bars
DPD of cell D=8−3=5D=8−3=5 bars
As cell B has the lowest value of DPD, therefore water will move from cell B to cells A, C and D.

The phenomenon of breaking up of water into hydrogen and oxygen in the illuminated chloroplasts is called photolysis or photocatalytic splitting of water. It can be depicted as: $4H _{2} O \rightleftharpoons 4H^{+} + 4OH^{-}$
   $4OH^{-}\xrightarrow[Mn^{2} + ,Ca^{2} +, CI^{-}]{Oxygen \,\, evolving \,\, complex} 2H _{2}O + O _{2}\uparrow + 4e^- $

Water potential is the measure of the free energy of water which helps in the movement of water between any two systems. Water moves from the point where the water potential is greater to the point where the water potential is less. Addition of solutes decreases the water potential (becomes more negative). Temperature has no effect on water potential. The water potential of pure water is taken as zero. 

Water potential is generally most negative in mesophyll cell walls because water evaporates from the mesophyll cells into the air spaces in the leaf. If the air surrounding the leaf has less water vapor than the air in the intercellular spaces, water vapor will leave the leaf through stomata. Order of water to move through the plant from the soil to the air ( a process called transpiration).

• Water potential is the potential energy of water relative to pure water in a plant cell or tissue. This can be written as the sum of matrix potential (due to binding of water to cell and cytoplasm), the solute potential (due to concentration of dissolved solutes which by its effect on the entropy components reduces the water potential) and pressure potential (due to hydrostatic pressure, which by its effect on energy components increases the water potential).
  
• Ψw = Ψs + Ψp + Ψm
  
• So the correct answer is "All of these".
  

The liberation of $ O _{2}$ during photolysis of water involves the role of $ Mn^{2+},Ca^{2+}$ and $CI ^{-}$ ions.

AIDS is transmitted sexually or through blood transfusion or from mother to fetus.
Tetanus is not transmitted from person to person or from animal to person.
Hepatitis-B is transmitted through blood and infected bodily fluids.
Rabies is a fatal viral disease of mammals, most often transmitted through the bite of a rabid animal.
Therefore, the correct answer is option b.

A zoonotic disease is a disease that is transmitted from animals to humans. They can be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi. Measles is a viral disease in humans. Diptheria is caused by bacterium Corynebacterium diptheriae. Leprosy is chronic infection caused by bacteria Mycobacterium leprae.
Rabies is one such zoonotic disease caused by the rabies virus of the genus Lyssavirus.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D), 'Rabies'.

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne disease caused by the dengue virus. There is a characteristic skin rash that is similar to measles. It is transmitted by several species of mosquito within the genus Aedes, mainly Aedes aegypti.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.