Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Which of the following is not a component of plasma?

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Water

  2. Globulins

  3. Fibrinogen

  4. Platelets

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Plasma is a fluid component of blood. It comprises 55% of the total blood volume. Plasma is composed of 90% water with antibodies, coagulation factors, globulins, fibrinogens and it also contains electrolytes, lipids and proteins required for maintaining the body. Platelets are the cellular components of the blood
So, the correct answer is 'Platelets'

Read the following statements and select the correct option.
A. Blood cells secrete fibres of structural proteins called collagen or elastin.
B. Neuroglial cells protect and support the nephrons.
C. Osteocytes are present in spaces called lacunae.
D. Striated muscle fibres are bundles together in a parallel fashion.
E. Biceps are involuntary and striated.

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. C and D statements are wrong.

  2. A and C statements are wrong.

  3. B and C statements are wrong.

  4. A, B and E statements are wrong.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Voluntary muscles are under the control of the will and is generally attached to the skeleton. An individual muscle consists of bundles of long muscle fibres, each bounded by a sarcolemma and containing sarcoplasm, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and many nuclei. Ex - Biceps.Neuroglial cells protect and support the neurons. Blood cells secrete fibrin that helps in clotting during an injury or a wound.

So the correct option is 'A, B and E statements are wrong'.

A drop of each of the following, is placed separately on four slides. Which of them will not coagulate?

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Blood serum

  2. Blood from pulmonary artery

  3. Whole blood from pulmonary vein

  4. Blood plasma

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Blood serum is liquid minus clotting elements of pale yellow colour. It may contain certain types of WBCs, antigens, hormones etc.  It does not have fibrinogen and other clotting materials. It does not take part in blood clotting. Hence if a drop of each of following, is placed separately on four slides blood serum will not coagulate.

 So, the correct answer is "Blood Serum."

Water retention in plasma is brought about mainly by

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Fibrinogen

  2. Serum albumins

  3. Alpha globulins

  4. Gamma globulins

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A) Fibrinogens are responsible for clotting. 
B) Serum albumins transport hormones, fatty acids, and other compounds, buffers pH, and maintain osmotic pressure of the blood by retaining extra water. It also binds to many drugs.

C) Alpha globulins and beta globulins function as enzymes and proteins that transport compounds in the body.
D) Gamma globulins act as the antibody defense against antigen invasion.
So the correct answer is 'serum albumins'.

The percentage of plasma proteins is:

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. 90 -92%

  2. 6-8%

  3. 55%

  4. 2%

Show answer
Correct Option: A

Observe the following statements and select which are true or false?
(1) Plasma constitutes 45% of the human blood.
(2) Albumin is a plasma protein which helps in osmotic balance.
(3) Factors responsible for the blood clotting process are present in the blood.
(4) Plasma without clotting factors is called serum.
(5) Minerals are not generally found in blood.

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Only 5 is wrong and all others 1 to 4 are correct.

  2. 1 and 2 are correct and 3, 4 and 5 are wrong.

  3. 2 and 4 are correct and 1, 3 and 5 are wrong.

  4. 1 and 5 are correct and 2, 3 and 4 are wrong.

  5. 2, 3 and 4 are correct and 1 and 5 are wrong.

Show answer
Correct Option: E
Explanation:

Albumin protein in plasma is responsible for maintaining osmotic balance. Plasma constitutes about 55% of the human blood and blood cells constitute 45% of the human blood. Minerals like sodium, potassium, calcium regulate normal blood pressure. Blood clotting factors are present in blood. Serum is the plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. 

Thus, the correct answer is option E. 

Bilirubin and biliverdin are derived from

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. Globin

  2. Heme

  3. Iron

  4. Fat

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Bilirubin and biliverdin are derived from heme. The component of haemoglobin responsible for binding oxygen, consists of an iron ion, that binds oxygen and a porphyrin ring, that binds the globin molecules; one molecule binds one molecule of oxygen. Biliverdin results from the breakdown of the heme moiety of hemoglobin in erythrocytes. Bilirubin is the yellow breakdown product of normal heme catabolism, caused by the body's clearance of aged red blood cells which contain hemoglobin.

Urea is transported through

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. RBCs

  2. WBCs

  3. Plasma

  4. Lymph

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Blood plasma makes up most of the blood. It is mostly water with dissolved substances in it like carbon dioxide, hormones, food nutrients, urea and other waste products. 

The principal cation present in the blood plasma is

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. $K^+$

  2. $Mg^{2+}$

  3. $Ca^{2+}$

  4. $Na^+$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The plasma is a faint yellow, slightly alkaline, somewhat viscous fluid. It consists of about 90% water, 1% inorganic salts in solution and 7 to 8 % proteins in the colloidal state. The remaining 1% is formed by food materials, waste products, dissolved gases etc. The inorganic salts occur in plasma as ions. Sodium and chloride are the principal cation and anion of the plasma respectively. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

What does blood consists of?

biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

  1. 60% plasma, 40% corpuscles

  2. 40% plasma, 60% corpuscles

  3. 25% plasma, 75% corpuscles

  4. 90% plasma, 10% corpuscles

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Plasma is the fluid component in which the blood cells are suspended. These blood cells include 

Red blood cells (erythrocytes) - carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. 
White blood cells (leukocytes) - help fight infections and aid in the immune process. 
Platelets (thrombocytes) - help in blood clotting. 
Whole blood contains red cells, white cells, and platelets (~45% of volume) suspended in plasma (~55% of volume). Thus, option A is correct.