Tag: biology

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Multiple choice biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

Consider the following four statements and select the correct option stating which ones are true (T) and which ones are false (F)?
(i) Proteins contribute 6 - 8% of the blood plasma.
(ii) Plasma contains very high amount of minerals.
(iii) Plasma without the clotting factors is called serum.
(iv) Glucose, amino acids, lipids, etc., are also present in the plasma as they are always in transit in the body.

  1. i - F

    ii - F

    iii - T

    iv - T

  2. i - T

    ii - F

    iii - T

    iv - T

  3. i - T

    ii - T

    iii - F

    iv - F

  4. i - F

    ii - F

    iii - F

    iv - T
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Blood plasma contains dissolved proteins (6–8%) (i.e.—serum albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen), glucose, clotting factors, electrolytes, hormones, CO$ _2$ and oxygen.

Though plasma contain substantial amount of minerals but the concentration in terms of percentage can not be defined as 'high amount' in terms of their presence in plasma.
Blood plasma without clotting factor is called serum.
Thus, the correct answer is' i - T, ii - F, iii - T, iv - T.'

Multiple choice biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

The blood plasma contains a dissolved substance called ________

  1. Serum

  2. fibrinogen

  3. hemoglobin

  4. pulmonary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Blood plasma in human beings consists of a dissolved substance called as Haemoglobin which consists of a haem complex with globin protein. The main function of haemoglobin is oxygen transport within the body. It also acts as a buffer.
So, the correct answer is, 'Hemoglobin'.
Multiple choice biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

Plasma protein involves in defense mechanism is 

  1. Fibrinogen

  2. Globulins

  3. Albumin

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Albumin, fibrinogen and globulin are major plasma proteins in the body.  Globulins are involved in defense mechanisms of the body. These transport ions, hormones, and lipids helping in immune function. Fibrinogens are involved in the clotting or coagulation of blood. Albumins are involved in maintaining the osmotic balance.

Thus, the correct answer is 'Globulins.'

Multiple choice biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

Which of the following is found in blood and not in nephric filtration?

  1. Urea

  2. Glucose and Globulin

  3. Amino acids

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A) Urea is excreted through urine.
B) Glucose is usually only found in the urine when blood glucose levels are raised due to diabetes. This disorder is called glycosuria.

C) Some amino acids like glutamic acid, serine, glycine, threonine, alanine, glutamine, lysine, and tyrosine are found in blood excreted in urine.
D) No significant amount of globulins are found in the urine. Globulins and other proteins are filtered out to form urine. Presence of excess protein bodies in the urine is called proteinuria and indicates kidney damage.
So the correct answer is 'Glucose and Globulin'. 

Multiple choice biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

The major function of alpha and beta globulins in the plasma is

  1. They develop colloidal osmotic pressure

  2. Help in immune response

  3. Act as antigens

  4. Act as carrier proteins
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Alpha and beta globulins function as enzymes and proteins that transport compounds in the body. Gamma globulins act as the antibody defence against antigen invasion. Beta globulins are also manufactured mostly in the liver. 

So the correct option is 'Act as carrier proteins'.

Multiple choice biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

What will happen, if there is an increase in plasma albumin?

  1. Increased blood pressure

  2. Increased rate of heart

  3. Greater accumulation of tissue fluid

  4. Decrease filtration in the glomerulus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Serum or plasma albumin is the protein found in plasma. 
  • It is most abundant protein in the plasma and constitutes about half the proteins in the plasma.  
  • Albumin transports hormones, fatty acids, and other compounds, buffers pH and maintains oncotic pressure. 
  • Oncotic pressure is a form of osmotic pressure exerted by protein in a blood vessel's plasma. 
  • Therefore, the increase in plasma albumin levels leads to the increased blood pressure and in severe conditions may lead to heart attack. 
  • So, the correct answer is 'increased blood pressure'.
Multiple choice biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

Which of the following is incorrect about ultrafiltration?

  1. Podocytes are arranged in intricate manner so as to leave minute space called filtration slits and slit pore, filtration occur finely through these pores

  2. Filtration is so fine that almost all constituent of blood except protein pass onto the lumen of Bowman's capsule

  3. Filtrated fluid is isotonic to blood plasma

  4. JGA control filtration rate of Ultrafiltration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  •  Podocytes are arranged in an intricate manner around in the glomerulus so as to leave minute spaces called filtration slits and slit pores, filtration occurs finely through these pores.
  • Filtration is so fine that almost all constituent of blood except protein pass onto the lumen of Bowman's capsule.
  • The fluid formed after the filtration of blood is more concentrated as compared to blood.
  • JGA controls the rate of Ultrafiltration.
So, the correct answer is 'Filtrated fluid is isotonic to blood plasma'.

Multiple choice biology simple nutrients into cells blood and its components components of blood composition of blood

The largest amount of $CO _2$ is transported by the blood as?

  1. $CO _2$ in the plasma
  2. $H _2CO _3$ in the plasma

  3. Bicarbonate ions in plasma

  4. Bicarbonate ions in the erythrocytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Carbon dioxide produced in the body is transported either in the plasma, in the form of bicarbonate ions or in the form of carbaminohemoglobin. The maximum amount of carbon dioxide is transported in the form of bicarbonate ions formed in the erythrocytes.

So, the correct answer is 'Bicarbonate ions in plasma'.