Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

What would be the consequence for a cell placed in a salt solution?

biology movement in and out of the cell diffusion across cells diffusion and osmosis inter cellular movement

  1. The cells remained unchanged.

  2. Water moves from inside of the cell to the outside.

  3. Water moves from outside of the cell to the inside.

  4. The cells burst.

  5. The cells dissolve.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Cells placed in hypertonic solution (salt solution) will shrink. Water moves from a high water concentration inside the cell to a low water concentration outside of the cell by osmosis.

When a cell is placed in 0.25 M concentrated sugar solution, there is no change in it. So the external solution is called 

biology movement in and out of the cell diffusion across cells diffusion and osmosis inter cellular movement

  1. Hypertonic

  2. Isotonic

  3. Hypotonic

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

There are three types of solutions that can occur in your body based on solute concentration: isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic. 

A hypertonic solution is one where the concentration of solute is greater outside the cell than inside the cell. An isotonic solution is one in which the concentration of solute is the same both inside and outside of the cell and a hypotonic solution is one in which the concentration of solute is greater inside the cell than outside of it.
So, when the cell is placed in 0.25 M concentrated sugar solution and there is no change in it, the external solution is isotonic, i.e it has the same concentration of 0.25M.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B). 

Why does the skin of your finger shrink, when you wash clothes for a long time?

biology movement in and out of the cell diffusion across cells diffusion and osmosis inter cellular movement

  1. Soap is hypotonic, so water is moved out of finger by osmosis.

  2. Soap is hypertonic, so water is moved out of finger by osmosis.

  3. Soap is isotonic, so water is moved into finger by osmosis.

  4. Finger skin is very tender.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • Soap contains a lot of solutes. Hence, when washing clothes, solute concentration is more in soap water than in cells of hand. Due to this, the water molecules present in cells of hand move out in soap solution. 
  • This is an osmotic process in which the water molecules move from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration, i.e., from dilute solutions to concentrated solution through a semi-permeable membrane. Soap is a hypertonic solution with high amounts of salts. 

When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution:

biology movement in and out of the cell diffusion across cells diffusion and osmosis inter cellular movement

  1. solute exits the cell to equalize the concentration on both sides of the membrane

  2. water exits the cell toward the area of lower solute concentration

  3. water exits the cell toward the area of higher solute concentration

  4. solute exits and water enters the cell

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A hypertonic solution is a solution which has higher osmotic pressure i.e; having more solute concentration outside the cell than inside. When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water moves to the surrounding from inside the cell as it moves from higher water concentration to lower water concentration.

So, the correct option is 'water exits and solute enters the cell'.

When Amoeba is placed in a hypertonic medium, it 

biology movement in and out of the cell diffusion across cells diffusion and osmosis inter cellular movement

  1. Shrinks

  2. Swells

  3. Bursts

  4. No change

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

If Amoeba is kept in a hypertonic solution, then exosmosis occurs in which, the water molecules move from inside of the cell to outside of the cell through the cell membrane and thus, Amoeba will shrink because water moves from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration region.

Xenograft is a graft

biology immunity and blood groups organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation stem cell

  1. Between genetically identical individuals.

  2. Between individuals of different species.

  3. From one individual to another of same species.

  4. From one area to another of same individual.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • In Xenotransplantation, Xenos means foreign or strange.
  •  It is also called a Heterologous transplant.
  •  In xenotransplantation, the transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another.
  •  Such cells, tissues or organs are called xenografts or xenotransplants. Hence, Xenograft is a graft Between individuals of different species. 
So, the correct answer is 'Between individuals of different species'.

There are minimum chances of a body rejecting a transplanted organ if the donor is a

biology immunity and blood groups organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation stem cell

  1. Sibling

  2. Spouse

  3. Offspring

  4. Twin

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The maximum similarity in physiology is between twins as they arose from the same conditions and cell arrangement within the womb of the mother.

Hence, there is a minimum chance for rejecting transplanted organs due to similar immune development.
So, the correct option is 'twin'.

Tissue grafting or organ transplant in between the genetically dissimilar individuals of the same species is called

biology immunity and blood groups organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation stem cell

  1. Allogarft

  2. Xenograft

  3. Isograft

  4. Autograft

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

  • Transplantation of cells, tissue grafting or organ transplant in between the genetically nonidentical individuals of the same species is called as allotransplant or Allograft.  
  • A graft is the transplantation of an organ or tissue to a different location, with the goal of replacing a missing or damaged organ or tissue. 
  • Grafts are typically moved without their attachments to the circulatory system and must reestablish these, in addition to the other connections and interactions with their new surrounding tissues. 

So, the correct answer is "Allograft".

During injury mast cells secrete 

biology cell biology and biotechnology organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation stem cell

  1. Histamine

  2. Heparin

  3. Prothrombin

  4. Antibodies

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

the mast cells of injured tissue secrete histamine, which causes the surrounding blood vessels to dilate and increase the permeability. It gives local immune response and act as neurotransmitter.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Allogeneic transplants require immunosuppressant drugs because these are transplants between

biology cell biology and biotechnology organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation stem cell

  1. Genetically different members of the same species.

  2. Genetically different members of different species.

  3. Genetically similar members of the same species.

  4. Genetically similar members of the different species.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A- Allogenic transplant takes place between genetically different members of same species. Immunosuppressant drugs are used to suppress graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) which is the result of an intricate immune response following allogeneic stimuli due to allogenic transplant.