Tag: biology

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Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of the following is both hormone and enzyme?

  1. ADH

  2. Angiotensinogen

  3. Acetylcholinesterase

  4. Renin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Renin is a hormone produced by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney.
  • Renin also acts as an enzyme in the conversion of angiotensin-1 to its active form, angiotensin-2 involved in constriction of blood vessels. Hence renin is both a hormone and an enzyme. Hence, renin is both a hormone and enzyme.
So, the correct answer is 'renin'.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which one increases glomerular pressure?

  1. Renin

  2. Angiotensin

  3. Aldosterone

  4. ADH
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Angiotensin is a polypeptide that narrow blood vessels and thus regulates arterial pressure. 
  • Angiotensin not only constricts blood vessels all over the body in order to increase systemic blood pressure, but it also works in the kidneys in order to maintain blood pressure in the glomerulus(glomerular pressure) so that the glomerular filtration rate stays normal even in the condition when blood pressure is low. Hence, angiotensin increases glomerular pressure.
So, the correct answer is 'angiotensin'.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Renin is produced by 

  1. Liver

  2. Spleen

  3. Juxtaglomerular cells

  4. Stomach
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Liver is the organ of digestive system that secretes bile juice.
B. Spleen is a organ of immune system which produces blood cells.
C. Juxtaglomerular cells are granular cells of kidneys which produce renin enzyme. 
D. Stomach is the part of digestive system that stores food and secrete gastric juices.
So, the correct answer is 'Juxtaglomerular cells'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Erythropoietin is a

  1. Lipid

  2. Mucopolysaccharide

  3. Glycoprotein

  4. Nucleoprotein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Erythropoietin is a hormone released by the kidney.
  • It is a glycoprotein. 
  • This hormone helps in the proliferation and differentiation of erythrocyte precursors.
  • Thus, they produce red blood cells (RBCs) from the bone marrow cells and this process is also known as erythropoiesis.
  • The cells of the kidney that produces erythropoietin are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood that travels to the kidney.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Glycoprotein'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Erythropoietin is produced by

  1. Thymus

  2. Pituitary

  3. Heart

  4. Kidney
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A. Thymus secretes thymosins. 
B. Pituitary secretes thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH).
C. Heart secretes atrial natriuretic factor (ANF).
D. Kidney secretes erythropoietin (EPO) and renin.
So, the correct answer is 'Kidney'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Erythropoietin is released by

  1. Bone marrow

  2. Spleen

  3. Kidneys

  4. Liver
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Erythropoietin is a hormone released by the kidney.
  • It is a glycoprotein. 
  • This hormone helps in the proliferation and differentiation of erythrocyte precursors.
  • Thus, they produce red blood cells (RBCs) from the bone marrow cells and this process is also known as erythropoiesis.
  • The cells of the kidney that produces erythropoietin are sensitive to low oxygen levels in the blood that travels to the kidney.
  • The extrarenal site for erythropoietin release is liver.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Kidneys'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following is not a means by which oxygen and/or carbon dioxide are transported in the bloodstream of vertebrates?

  1. As oxyhaemoglobin

  2. As hydrogencarbonate ions

  3. In solution in the plasma

  4. Erythropoietin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood from the tissue to the lungs in three ways: (i) dissolved in solution in the plasma; (ii) buffered with bicarbonate (i.e as hydrogen carbonate ions) and (iii) bound to proteins, particularly hemoglobin.  So, the correct option is 'Erythropoietin'.

Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Erythropoietin stimulates

  1. Osmoregulation

  2. Formation of RBC

  3. Reduces blood pressure

  4. Formation of WBC
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Erythropoietin is also known as haemopoietin. It is a glycoprotein secreted from juxtaglomerular cells of kidney. It stimulates the formation of RBCs in bone marrow and this process is called erythropoiesis. RBCs (Red Blood Cells) carry oxygen and transport it to various parts of body. Erythropoietin is secreted in response to hypoxic conditions i.e. low oxygen in body.
So, the correct answer is 'Formation of RBC'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration kidney hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Chymase is a

  1. Rennin

  2. Activator of prorennin

  3. Activator of chymotrypsinogen

  4. Gastric juice
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Chymase is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease found in the mast cells and also present in basophil granulocytes.
  • Chymase hydrolyzes chymotryptic substrates by activating chymotrypsinogen.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Activator of chymotrypsinogen'.
Multiple choice vaccines antibody production and vaccination immunity animal physiology biology

Who discovered the smallpox vaccine?

  1. Louis Pasteur

  2. Edward Jenner

  3. Alexander Fleming

  4. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Smallpox vaccine was introduced by Edward Jenner in 1798. He observed that milkmaids who had previously caught cowpox did not later catch smallpox by showing that inoculated cowpox protected against inoculated smallpox. Smallpox vaccine was the first successful vaccine.

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.