Tag: biology

Questions Related to biology

Which of the following option is correct for correctly matched pairs for Column I and Column II.

Column I Column II
(i)   $\rho$ - cells (a) It stimulates glycogenolysis
(ii)  $\beta$ - cells (b) It secrete somatostatin
(iii) a - cells (c) Increases cellular glucose uptake and utilisation
(d) Rise in blood pressure and blood volume


biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

  1. i - c, ii - d, iii - a

  2. i - d, ii - c, iii - b

  3. i - b, ii - c, iii - a

  4. i - b, ii - d, iii - a

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The pancreas has islet of Langerhans cell that possesses alpha, beta, delta and F cells. Delta cells secrete somatostatin that inhibits the secretion of both insulin and glucagon hormones. Beta cells secrete insulin that helps in the utilization of blood sugar (cellular glucose). Alpha cells secrete glucagon hormone that acts on glycogen during starvation condition and converts them into glucose. the process of breakdown of glycogen is called as glycogenolysis. Thus, the correct answer is 'i - b, ii - c, iii - a'.

Digestive System
Which of the following statement is incorrect about pancreas? 

biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

  1. It is a compound gland as it has both exocrine and endocrine part.

  2. Exocrine part secretes alkaline pancreatic juice having enzymes.

  3. Endocrine part secretes hormones like insulin and glucagon.

  4. It is surrounded by Glisson's capsule.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Each hepatic lobule of the liver is covered by a thin connective tissue sheath called the Glisson's capsule. So, the correct answer is (d).

The pancreas has two types of cells namely islets of Langerhans and acinar cells. In the early years of research on diabetes, the extract of this gland was tested on diabetic patients. Results are tabulated. The correct interpretation is that.

Reduction in blood sugar level
A. Extract of Pancreas
B.  Islet cell Extract
C.  Acinar cell Extract
biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

  1. Anti-diabetic factor present in extract 'C' was inactivated by extract 'A'

  2. Anti-diabetic factor present in 'A' was destroyed by 'B'

  3. Both 'A' and 'C' destroyed the anti-diabetic factor present in 'B'

  4. Anti-diabetic factor present in 'B' was destroyed by 'C'

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The result shows that the extract of the pancreas is ineffective to reduce blood sugar level. The extract contains secretions of both exocrine and endocrine parts i.e., acinar cells and islets of Langerhans respectively. Since the extract of the endocrine part which is islet of Langerhans is individually capable of reducing sugar level, this shows that some factors from acinar cells are preventing anti-diabetic factor to function.

So the correct answer is 'Anti-diabetic factor present in 'B' was destroyed by 'C'.

Choose the correct statement.
A) The anterior surface of the pancreas faces the front of the abdomen.
B) Pancreas drain enzymes through the ampulla of Vater into the duodenum.
C) Lighter-staining cells of pancreas form clusters called acini

biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

  1. Only A

  2. Only C

  3. Both A and B

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • The pancreas is a compound (both exocrine and endocrine) elongated organ situated between the limbs of the ‘U’ shaped duodenum in the abdomen behind the stomach.
  • The anterior surface of the pancreas faces the front of the abdomen.
  •  Pancreas drain pancreatic enzymes through the ampulla of Vater into the duodenum. The ampulla of Vater is located where the bile duct and pancreatic duct join and empty into the duodenum.
  • Lighter-staining cells of the pancreas which form clusters are called Islets of Langerhans. These cells secrete hormones such as insulin and glucagon.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.

Choose the correct statement.
A) Lightly-stained clusters of cells in the pancreas, are called pancreatic islets.
B) Pancreas is located in the upper left part of the abdomen.
C) F-cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

  1. Only A

  2. Only B

  3. Both A and C

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The pancreas is one of the most important glands of the digestive system in human. It is located in the abdominal cavity, behind the stomach, which is upper left part of the abdomen. The tissues with an endocrine role can be seen under staining as lightly-stained clusters of cells, called as Pancreatic islets, also called as Islets of Langerhans. Islets of Langerhans contain four different type of cells, that is, alpha cells, beta cells, delta cells, and pp cells also called as F cells. The F cells constitute only 5% of islet cells. It secretes pancreatic polypeptide. 

In which of the form is glucose stored in liver 

biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

  1. Cellulose

  2. Glycogen

  3. Starch

  4. Sucrose.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

All animals and humans store some glucose in the cells so that it is available for quick shots of energy. When there is excess of glucose in the body, it is stored in the liver as the large compound called glycogen. when there is demand for glucose then it is break down their stored glycogen into glucose and send it through the blood stream as fuel for other organs.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Secretion of which of the following digestive gland is considered as the complete digestive juice?

biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

  1. Liver

  2. Gall bladder

  3. Salivary gland

  4. Pancreatic acini

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Pancreatic juice is considered the complete digestive juice because of the fact that it contains enzymes for the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in addition to bicarbonate ions that provide an alkaline medium. Its alkaline nature helps to neutralize the acidic chyme that comes from the stomach. It also has pancreatic amylase that converts complex polysaccharides into disaccharides and the presence of lipase enzymes helps to digest fats. Lastly, it also contains protein-digesting enzymes like trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase.
So the correct answer is 'Pancreatic acini'.

Liver is the largest gland and is associated with various functions. Choose one which is not correct?

biology digestive system of human digestive glands liver pancreas

  1. Metabolism of carbohydrate

  2. Digestion of fat

  3. Formation of bile

  4. Secretion of hormone called gastrin

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Gastrin hormone is secreted by the G-cells in the mucosal lining of the stomach. Gastrin is responsible for stimulating the secretion of HCl in the stomach.

A. The liver performs the metabolism of carbohydrates by making glycogen from excess glucose and releasing glycogen at the time of glucose deficiency in the body.
B. The liver plays a role in the digestion of fats by releasing bile in the duodenum.
C. Liver forms bile which contains bilirubin, cholesterol, bicarbonate ions, and bile salts that aid in the digestion of fats.
D. Gastrin is secreted by the G-cells in the stomach.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Secretion of hormone called gastrin'

Golden rice is a transgenic crop of the future with the following improved trail

biology biotechnology and genetic engineering biotechnology in agriculture gm crops transgenic organisms

  1. insect resistance

  2. high lysine (essential amino acid) content

  3. high protein content

  4. high vitamin-A content

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Pollination by insects is called

biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

  1. Entomophily

  2. Chiropterophily

  3. Anemophily

  4. Zoophily

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Pollination by insects is entomophily. Insects are the most common biotic agents of pollination. Bees are the most common insect which acts as pollinating agents. Other insect pollinators are butterflies, flies, beetles, wasps, ants, moths. Flowers are brightly colored and scented to attract the insects. Majority of insect-pollinated flowers are large-sized. Entomophily occurs in Calotropis, Ficus, Salvia, etc.