Tag: gastrointestinal tract and liver

Questions Related to gastrointestinal tract and liver

The hormone secretin is produced by 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Pancreas and influences the conversion of glycogen to glucose

  2. Adrenal gland and accelerates heart beat

  3. Testis and produces male secondary sex characters

  4. Small intestine and stimulates pancreas

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Insulin is secreted from the pancreas and influences the conversion of glycogen to glucose.
B. Adrenaline is secreted from the adrenal gland and accelerates the heart beat.
C. Testosterone is secreted from testis and produces male secondary sex characters.
D. Secretin is secreted by the duodenum i.e. small intestine and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice.
So, the correct answer is 'Small intestine and stimulates pancreas'.

Pancreatic enzyme and bicarbonate secretion is stimulated by 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Gastrin

  2. Cholecystokin

  3. Duocrinin

  4. Enterogastrone

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
A. Gastrin is secreted from stomach and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices.
B. Cholecystokinin is secreted by from duodenum and stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice.
C. Duocrinin is secreted from intestine and stimulates the secretion of intestinal fluid.
D. Enterogastrone is secreted from duodenum and inhibits the secretion of gastric juice.
So, the correct answer is 'Cholecystokin'.

Cholecystokinin and enterocrinin are secreted by 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Intestine

  2. Pancreas

  3. Adrenal cortex

  4. Thyroid gland

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum. Enterocrinin is secreted from duodenum and stimulates release of alkaline mucus from the intestinal glands.
  • Pancreas is a heterocrine gland as it acts both as endocrine and exocrine gland. It secretes insulin hormone into blood and act as endocrine gland and when it secretes digestive enzymes and juice through pancreatic duct, it acts as exocrine gland.
  • Adrenal cortex is part of adrenal gland and secretes glucocorticoids (cortisol,) mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) and sexocorticoids (androgens).
  • Thyroid gland is situated between the trachea and larynx in the neck and secretes thyroxine hormone which increases oxygen consumption by metabolically active tissues.
 Hence, cholecystokinin and enterocrinin are secreted from duodenum (part of small intestine).
So, the correct answer is 'Intestine'.

Gastric secretion is stopped by hormone

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Enterogastrone

  2. Gastrin

  3. Pancreozymin

  4. Cholecystokinin

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
A. Enterogastrone is secreted from the duodenal mucosa and decreases the secretion of gastric juices.
B. Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.
C. Pancreozymin is the former name of Cholecystokinin.
D. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
Hence, gastric secretion is stopped by Enterogastrone.
So, the correct answer is 'Enterogastrone'.

The hormone which brings about the contraction of gall bladder is

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Oxytocin

  2. Gastrin

  3. Cholecystokinin

  4. Secretin

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A. Oxytocin is secreted from the posterior pituitary and helps in the contraction of uterus during childbirth and also stimulates release of milk from mammary glands i.e. lactation.
B. Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.
C. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
D. Secretin is secreted in duodenum and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice but inhibits the secretion of gastric juices.
So, the correct answer is 'Cholecystokinin'.

Secretin stimulates secretion of bicarbonate from

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Liver

  2. Kidneys

  3. Pancreas

  4. Stomach

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A. Liver is the digestive organ that secretes bile juice.
B. Kidneys are the paired excretory organs.
C. Pancreas is a heterocrine gland that secretes hormones insulin, glucagon and somatostatin and also secretes alkaline pancreatic juice that contains bicarbonate ions.
D. Stomach is the digestive organ that stores the food.
Secretin is secreted from the duodenum and stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice. 
So, the correct answer is 'Pancreas'.

Secretin hormone is secreted by and stimulates 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Duodenum - pancreas

  2. Duodenum - liver

  3. Stomach - gastric glands

  4. Thyroid - thyroid

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Secretin is secreted in duodenum and stimulates the secretion of pancreatic juice but inhibits the secretion of gastric juices. It is released in response to acid in the small intestine, and stimulates the pancreas and bile ducts to release a flood of bicarbonate base, which neutralizes the acid.
So, the correct answer is 'Duodenum - pancreas'.

Select the correct match.

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Pineal gland - Does not influence menstrual cycle

  2. Corpus luteum- Secretes oxytocin

  3. Interstitial cells - Erythropoietin

  4. Cholecystokinin - Stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion

  5. Thyroxine - Triiodothyronine

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A. Pineal gland is a small, rounded and reddish brown gland present at the dorsal side of forebrain. This gland secretes melatonin and serotonin hormones. Melatonin regulates circadian rhythm of body. 
B. Corpus luteum is formed in ovary after ovulation and degenerates in absence of pregnancy but if pregnancy occurs it persists and secretes progesterone and oestrogen hormones. During pregnancy, corpus luteum also secretes relaxin hormone which dilates the cervix and aids in childbirth.
C. Interstitial cells, also known as Leydig's cells are present in the testis near seminiferous tubules. They secrete testosterone hormone which helps in the development of secondary sexual characteristics in males.
D. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
E. Thyroxine (tetra-iodothyronine) is secreted from thyroid gland. It stimulates the consumption of oxygen by metabolically active tissues and also increases the oxidation of glucose in tissues. 
Hence, option D is a correct match.
So, the correct answer is 'Cholecystokinin - Stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion'.

Gastrin hormone is secreted by 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Pancreas

  2. Intestine

  3. Liver

  4. Stomach

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Gastrin is a peptide hormone which is produced by G cells present in the lining of stomach. It is secreted in the stomach and stimulates gastric secretions. It stimulate the parietal cells of stomach to release HCl or hydrochloric acid which is main constituent of gastric juice. The release of gastrin is stimulated by the presence of peptides in the stomach lumen.
So, the correct answer is 'Stomach'.

Secretion of gastric juice is controlled by 

zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination gastrointestinal tract and liver hormones of heart, kidney, liver and gastrointestinal tract coordination in human beings- chemical control

  1. Enterogasterone

  2. Cholecystokinin

  3. Gastrin

  4. Motilin

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
A. Enterogastrone is secreted from duodenum and inhibits the secretion of gastric juices.
B. Cholecystokinin is secreted from the duodenum and causes contraction of gall bladder and secretion of pancreatic juice into duodenum.
C. Gastrin is secreted in stomach by the parietal cells and stimulates the secretion of gastric juices from the gastric glands.
D. Motilin is secreted from duodenum and regulates gastrointestinal contractions.
So, the correct answer is 'Gastrin'.