Tag: absorption of food

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Questions Related to absorption of food

Multiple choice bio-chemistry food through digestive tract absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Food  is largely absorbed in 

  1. Stomach

  2. Oesophagus

  3. Small intestine

  4. Colon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Stomach - It is a hotbed of digestive activity, but virtually nothing (except alcohol) is absorbed there. 
Oesophagus - Nothing is absorbed in the oesophagus.  The esophagus is a tube that connects the throat and the stomach. If the mouth is the gateway to the body, then the esophagus is a highway for food and drink to travel along to make it to the stomach. 

Small Intestine - It is the site of virtually all nutrient absorption, including proteins, carbohydrates, fats and water, as well as vitamins and minerals.

Colon - It extracts water and salt from solid wastes before they are eliminated from the body and is the site in which flora-aided (largely bacterial) fermentation of unabsorbed material occurs. Unlike the small intestine, the colon does not play a major role in absorption of foods and nutrients.
So. the correct option is 'Stomach'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry food through digestive tract absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Which of the following is the most rapidly transported monosaccharide into the bloodstream from the intestine?

  1. Mannose

  2. Glucose

  3. Galactose

  4. Fructose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Transportation of galactose is most rapid as it attaches with sodium ion and easily dragged by the protein carries so it is very easy to transport it while glucose and fructose require energy to transport as they are transported by active transport.

So the correct option is 'Galactose'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry food through digestive tract absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Which of the following electrolyte pumps helps in active absorption of glucose in the intestinal walls?

  1. Sodium

  2. Potassium

  3. Chloride

  4. Bicarbonate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Active absorption occurs against the concentration gradient which requires energy. $Na^+$ which transports by facilitated transport that means it is taken by a protein carrier which has a peculiarity. It drags glucose with sodium ion from the lumen of the intestine to blood and helps in its absorption.

So the correct option is 'Sodium'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry food through digestive tract absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

In which of the following parts of the alimentary canal does absorption of nutrients and drugs takes place?

  1. Mouth

  2. Stomach

  3. Small intestine

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Absorption of nutrients and drugs is mainly carried out by the small intestine but the stomach also absorbs certain drugs, water, and alcohol while mouth absorbs a very little amount of water and drugs and breaks down starch.

So the correct option is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry food through digestive tract absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

State which of the following statement is true OR false.
(A) No absorption of food takes place in mouth and oesophagus.
(B) Absorption of glucose depends on sodium ion.
(C) Whole protein particles can be engulfed by pinocytosis.

  1. B and C are true, A false

  2. All are true

  3. A and C are true, B is false

  4. A and B true, C false
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • After food is being swallowed, from the mouth it is transported to the stomach. No absorption of nutrients takes place in the mouth and oesophagus. Hence, No absorption of food takes place in the mouth and oesophagus.
  • Active glucose absorption is thought to depend on a gradient of sodium ion concentration across the brush border membrane of intestinal epithelial cells. Specifically, glucose absorption was minimally reduced when intraluminal sodium concentration was reduced. Hence, Absorption of glucose depends on sodium ion.
  • Pinocytosis is the absorption of liquids, whereas phagocytosis is the absorption of solid objects which are essentially food for the cell. Phagocytosis engulfs whole particles, which are later broken down by enzymes, such as cathepsins, and absorbed into the cells. Hence, Whole protein particles cannot be engulfed by pinocytosis.
So, the correct answer is 'A and B true, C false'.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry food through digestive tract absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

What is correct about microvilli?

  1. Also known as brush bordered epithelia

  2. Found in small intestine and PCT both

  3. Increase absorption of food

  4. These are infoldings of cell membrane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  1. Brush bordered epithelium is microvilli covered Epithelial surface found in the body.
    2. The columnar and cuboidal epithelium of small intestine and PCT have the surface covered with microvilli for increasing absorption.
    3. Cilia are meant for the movement of fluid while microvilli function to increase the absorption and secretion.
    4. Microvilli are microscopic cellular membrane protrusions that increase the surface area for diffusion and are involved in a wide variety of functions, including absorption, secretion, cellular adhesion, and mechanotransduction.
    So, the correct option is 'Increase absorption of food.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry food through digestive tract absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
The villi present on the wall of the small intestine

  1. secrete digestive enzymes

  2. increase the surface area for absorption

  3. hold mucus, so ulcers do not form

  4. hold products of digestion, so they do not enter the large intestine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

 The absorption of digested carbohydrates, proteins and fats  is done in the small intestine with the help of villi which helps increase the surface area of the intestine. Villi are finger like projections on the intestinal wall that absorbs digested food material. Carbohydrates and proteins are absorbed into blood, while fats are absorbed into the lymph

So, the correct answer is 'increase the surface area for absorption'

Multiple choice bio-chemistry food through digestive tract absorption of food absorption parts of the digestive system: structure and function

Movement of alimentary canal does not help in slipping down of food is

  1. Peristalsis movement

  2. Pendular (segmentary) movement

  3. Both

  4. None
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Certain muscular contraction of alimentary canal such as segmentary/pendular are responsible for churning and mixing of the food thoroughly with digestive juices not for propel.