Tag: cancer and aids

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is the causative agent of AIDS. HIV is spread from an infected person to another person through direct contact with some of the body’s fluids like mother milk, blood, lymph and semen through sexual intercourse or by sharing the drug equipment like needles or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding or via blood transfusion.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used to produced complementary strand of RNA, called as cDNA. This process occurs in RNA viruses. It was discovered by Howard Temin at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in RSV virions and independently isolated by David Baltimore in 1970 at MIT from RNA tumour viruses such as R-MLV and RSV. In 1975 Nobel Prize was awarded in Physiology or Medicine to both of them along with Renato Dulbecco. 

• AIDS(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the HIV virus. It breaks down the body immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections.
  
• The first AIDS cases were reported in the United States in June 1981.
  
• Hence AIDS was first reported in U.S.A in 1981.
  
• So, the correct answer is '1981'.
  

• AIDS(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the HIV virus. It breaks down the body immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections.
• As HIV is liable to be transmitted to people, organisms, etc. through the environment. Hence it is an infectious disease.
• AIDS does not spread from person to person through direct contact (touching a person who has the infection), indirect contact (touching a contaminated object), or droplet contact (inhaling droplets made when a person who has the infection coughs, sneezes, or talks). Hence it is a non-contagious
• Hence AIDS Is infectious and non -contagious disease..
• So, the correct answer is 'Both B and C'. 

• AIDS(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the HIV virus. It breaks down the body immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections.
• The first AIDS cases were reported in the United States in June 1981.
• Approximate number of AIDs patients worldwide is  36.9 million. Of these, 1.8 million were children (<15 years old). An estimated 1.8 million individuals worldwide became newly infected with HIV in 2017 – about 5,000 new infections per day
• So, the correct answer is '36.9 million'.

• AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the HIV virus. It breaks down the body immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections.
• AIDS does not spread from person to person through direct contact (touching a person who has the infection or kissing), indirect contact (touching a contaminated object or food), or droplet contact (inhaling droplets made when a person who has the infection coughs, sneezes, or talks). 
  
• AIDS virus(HIV) enters the human body through blood when wrongly transfused from an AIDS infected patient or usage of needles and syringes of the AIDS infected person.
• So, the correct answer is 'Blood'.

Human immunodeficiency virus infection or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a serious immune disorder caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV is different in structure from other retroviruses. It is composed of two copies of positive-sense single-stranded RNA. HIV replicates in T4 cells. AIDS is a sexually transmitted infection and transmitted through sexual contact and sharing infected needles. It is not spread by mere touch or physical contact. There is currently no cure or effective HIV vaccine. Treatment consists of highly active antiretroviral therapy which slows progression of the disease. HIV usually causes flu-like symptoms about two to four weeks after transmission. This short period of time is called acute infection.

• AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the HIV virus.
  
• T-helper cells play an important role in adaptive immunity. They not only help activate B cells to secrete antibodies and macrophages to destroy ingested microbes, but they also help activate cytotoxic T cells to kill infected target cells.
• HIV destroys(CD4+ cells) T-helper lymphocyte cells and reducing their number. They're responsible for keeping you healthy from common diseases and infections. As HIV gradually weakens your natural defences, signs and symptoms will occur.
• Hence HIV attacks T-helper cells.
• So, the correct answer is 'The causative HIV retroviruses enters helper T-lymphocytes thus reducing their number.'.

• AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is caused by the HIV virus. It breaks down the body immune system, leaving the patient vulnerable to a host of life-threatening opportunistic infections.
• HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus)belongs to the special class of viruses called retrovirus.with in this class HIV is placed in a subgroup called lentivirus.
• HIV consists of a viral envelope.with in the viral envelope 2 identical copies of single-stranded RNA are a present and reverse transcriptase enzyme.
• Hence AIDS virus has single-stranded RNA.
• So, the correct answer is 'Single-stranded RNA'.