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Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Two major requirements for preparation of ammonia are

  1. Low temperature and high pressure

  2. Low temperature and present pressure

  3. High temperature and low pressure

  4. High temperature and high pressure
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This reaction is 

(a) reversible,

 (b) exothermic, and 

(c) proceeds with a decrease in volume.

According to the Le Chatelier's principle, the favorable conditions for the formation of ammonia are,

Low temperature

The temperature should be remain as low as possible, (although at unusually low temperatures, the rate of reaction becomes slow). It has been found that the temperature, which optimizes the yield of ammonia for the reaction, is maximum at about 500°C.

High pressure

Since Haber's process proceeds with a decrease in volume, it is favored by high pressure. In actual practice, a pressure of 200 - 900 atmospheres is employed.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Calcium imide on hydrolysis will give gas (B) which on oxidation by bleaching powder gives gas (C). Gas (C) on reaction with magnesium gives compound (D). (D) on hydrolysis gives again gas (B). (B), (C) and (D) respectively are :

  1. ${NH _3}$, ${N _2}$, ${Mg _3N _2}$
  2. ${N _2}$, ${NH _3}$, $Mg _3N _2$
  3. ${N _2}$, ${N _2O _5}$, ${Mg(NO _3) _2}$
  4. ${NH _3}$, ${NO _2}$, ${Mg(NO _2) _2}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Reactions :
$CaNH+H _2O\rightarrow CaO+NH _3$
$3CaOCl _2 + 2NH _3\rightarrow 3CaCl _2 + 3H _2O + N _2$
$3Mg + N _2 \rightarrow Mg _3N _2$
$Mg _3N _2 + 6 H _2O \rightarrow 3Mg(OH) _2 + 2NH _3$

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

$NH _3$ can't be obtained by :

  1. heating of $NH _4NO _3$ or $NH _4NO _2$
  2. heating $NH _3CI$ or $(NH _4) _2CO _3$
  3. heating of $NH _4NO _3$ with $NaOH$
  4. reaction of $AIN$ or $Mg _3N _2$ or $CaCN _2$ with $H _2O$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Reactions are:
$NH _4NO _3\rightarrow N _2O+H _2O$
$NH _4NO _2\rightarrow N _2+H _2O$
$NH _4Cl\rightarrow NH _3+HCl$
$NH _4NO _3 (aq) + NaOH(s)\rightarrow NH _3(g) +H _2O (l)+ NaNO _3(aq)$
$CaCN _2+3H _2O\rightarrow CaCO _3+NH _3$

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

$NH _4CI(s)$ is heated in a test tube, vapours are brought in contact with red litmus paper, which changes to blue and then to red. it is because of : 

  1. formation of $NH _4OH$ and $HCI$
  2. formation of $NH _3$ and $HCI$
  3. greater diffusion of $NH _3$ than $HCI$
  4. grater diffusion of $HCI$ than $NH _3$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

$NH _4Cl\xrightarrow{\Delta} NH _3+HCl$
First HCl reacts with red litmus and converts it into blue but as diffusion of ammonia is high so after that ammonia reacts with blue litmus and converts back to red.

Multiple choice chemistry nitrogen and sulfur ammonia and fertilizers preparation of ammonia-laboratory method and haber's process ammonia

Give the balanced reaction for the manufacture of the ammonia gas.

  1. $3{ N } _{ 2 }+3{ H } _{ 2 }\rightarrow 6{ NH } _{ 3 }$
  2. ${ N } _{ 2 }+3{ H } _{ 2 }\rightarrow 2{ NH } _{ 3 }$
  3. ${ N } _{ 2 }+3{ H } _{ 2 }\rightarrow { NH } _{ 3 }$
  4. ${ N } _{ 2 }+6{ H } _{ 2 }\rightarrow 4{ NH } _{ 3 }$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

${ N } _{ 2 }+3{ H } _{ 2 }\rightarrow 2{ NH } _{ 3 }$
In the manufacture of ammonia process employed is Haber-Bosch which occurs in the presence of catalyst at high temperature and high pressure.