Tag: kerala, from eighth to eighteenth century
Questions Related to kerala, from eighth to eighteenth century
Which is the correct power hierarchy from top to bottom?
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Naduvazhis, Karalars, Ooralars
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Karalars, Ooralars, Naduvazhis
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Ooralars, Naduvazhis, Karalars
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Naduvazhis, Ooralars, Karalars
Owners of devaswam land were called Ooralars. The rulers, Brahmins or the people of the temple did not directly cultivate in this land. They used to give the land for cultivation to middle men called, Karalar. According to the power hierarchy, Naduvazhis were at the top, and Ooralars and Karalars were below them.
What was the Verumpattam custom?
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Land given to the Kudiyans by Janmis with the agreement that a predetermined share of the produce would be given to the Janmi.
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Land given to the Kudiyans by Naduvazhis with the agreement that a predetermined share of the produce would be given to the Naduvazhis.
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Land given to the Kudiyans by Brahmins with the agreement that a predetermined share of the produce would be given to the Brahmins.
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Land given to the Kudiyans by Temples with the agreement that a predetermined share of the produce would be given to the Temples.
The Jenmi, consisting mainly of the Nambudiri Brahmins and Nambiar chieftains, were the highest level of the hierarchy, and a class of people given hereditary land grants by the Naduvazhis or rulers'. The rights conveyed by this janmam were not a freehold in the European sense, but an office of dignity. Owing to their ritual status as priests ( Nambudris ), the jenmis could neither cultivate nor supervise the land but would instead provide a grant of kanam to an individual from the Kanikkaran ethnic group in return for a fixed share of the crops produced. Typically, a jenmi would have a large number of kanikkaran under him.
What was Janman Land?
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The land under control of brahmins
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The land under the control of the Naduvazhis
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The land passed on from one generation to another
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The land under the control of temples
There were many changes in the land ownership rights between the 12th and 18th centuries CE in Kerala. The rights over the land passed on from one generation to another and became a birth right. This kind of land came to be known as Janmam Land and the people who had the ownership right over those lands as Janmis.
What was Panayapattam system?
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Land given to the Kudiyans by Janmis with the agreement that a predetermined share of the produce would be given to the Janmi.
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Land given to the Kudiyans by Brahmins with the agreement that a predetermined share of the produce would be given to the Brahmins.
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Land given to the Kudiyans by Temples with the agreement that a predetermined share of the produce would be given to the Temples.
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The person who took the land on lease (Kanakudiyan) used to give an amount as security to the landlord when he leased the land for cultivation.
The Panayapattam system which was also known as Kanam and Otti became prevalent after the period of the Perumals. According to this, the person who took the land on lease known as Kanakudiyan used to give an amount as security to the landlord when he leased the land for cultivation. The Kanakudiyan did not have the right to sell or transfer this land. He just had the right to cultivate in this land.