Tag: louis pasteur

Pasteurized milk can be consumed without boiling as it is free from harmful microbes. The milk is heated to about $700^{\circ}C$ for $15$ to $30$ seconds and then suddenly chilled and stored. By doing so, it prevents the growth of microbes. This process was discovered by Louis Pasteur. It is called pasteurization.

Waksman is credited with coining the term antibiotics, to describe compounds derived from other living organisms such as penicillin, though the term was first used by the French dermatologist François Henri Hallopeau, in 1871, to describe a substance opposed to the development of life

Most microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria can grow and flourish in the complete absence of oxygen and is known as fermentation. Pasteur described that fermentation is directly associated with the growth of metabolism of living matter. He observed that the rate of fermentation was considerably higher under anaerobic conditions as compared to aerobic conditions. The inhibition of anaerobic breakdown of sugars into carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol due to the presence of oxygen under aerobic conditions is known as Pasteur effect. 

Support growth system refers to a process in which the microorganisms are grown on a thin layer of nutrient medium. A nutrient medium provides various nutrients required for the growth of microorganism to carry out their metabolic activities. The nutrient media supports the growth of a wide range of microorganisms. So, the correct answer is 'Support growth system'.

Koch's postulate designed the causative relationship between a microbe and a disease.  Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites so they cannot be grown on artificial media. 

Hippocrates believed that disease caused inside the body is due to a natural cause not by gods and superstition. He gave humor theory based on the black bile produced, which was later rejected.

Louis Pasteur saved the French silk industry (not German) by identifying the pebrine disease affecting silkworms and developing methods to control it. However, among the options given, Pasteur is the only scientist who worked on silk industry problems - the question likely has a geographical error but the answer is still Pasteur.

Koch's postulates are used to trace back the causal organism of a particular disease in the host organism. It designed the causative relationship between a microbe and a disease. 

Louis Pasteur developed the process of pasteurization in 1864 to prevent the spoilage of wine and beer, which was later applied to milk.

(A)Mesophile is an organism that grows in a moderate temperature from 20-45 degree Celcius.