Tag: dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants

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Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

Taking the reaction $x+2y\rightarrow$ prodcuts, to be of second order, which of the following are the rate law expressions for the reaction :


(I) $\cfrac{dx}{dt}=K[x][y]$  (II) $\cfrac{dx}{dt}=K[x]{[y}]^{2}$

(III) $\cfrac{dx}{dt}=k{[x]}^{2}$  (IV) $\cfrac{dx}{dt}=K[x]+K{[y]}^{2}$

  1. I only

  2. I and III only

  3. I and II only

  4. I and IV only
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

Reaction $A+B\longrightarrow C+D$ follows rate law, $r=k{ \left[ A \right]  }^{ 1/2 }{ \left[ B \right]  }^{ 1/2 }$ starting with $1M$ of $A$ and $B$ each. What is the time taken for concentration of $A$ become $0.1M$?
[Given $2.303\times { 10 }^{ -2 }sec^{ -1 }$].

  1. $10sec$
  2. $100sec$
  3. $1000sec$
  4. $434sec$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The rate constant is $2.303\times { 10 }^{ -2 }sec^{ -1 }$. The overall reaction order is 1.


$t = \dfrac {2.303}{k}log \dfrac {a}{a-x}$

$t = \dfrac {2.303}{2.303 \times 10^{-2}}log \dfrac {1}{0.1}=100$

Hence, the time taken to consume 90% of concentration is 100 sec.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

The reaction, $CH _3COOC _2H _5+NaOH\rightarrow CH _3COONa+C _2H _5OH$ is:

  1. bimolecular reaction

  2. second order reaction

  3. third order reaction

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B Correct answer
Explanation

The reaction, $CH _3COOC _2H _5+NaOH\rightarrow CH _3COONa+C _2H _5OH$ is bimolecular and second order reaction,as it contains two diiferent types of molecules.
Rate = $ k$ [$CH _3COOC _2H _5$] [$NaOH$]

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

For the reaction: $2NO+Cl _2\rightarrow 2NOCl$, the following mechanism was proposed on the basis of experimental observation.
$NO+Cl _2\overset {Fast}{\rightleftharpoons}NOCl _2$
$NOCl _2+NO\xrightarrow {Slow}2NOBr$
The order of reaction is:

  1. 2nd order

  2. pseudo 2nd order

  3. 3rd order

  4. first order
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

From the slow step, the rate law for the reaction is rate $\displaystyle = k' [NOCl _2][NO]$.....(1)


 $\displaystyle NOCl _2$ is an intermediate and its concentration is obtained from fast step (equilibrium step)

 $\displaystyle [NOCl _2] = K[NO][Cl _2]$......(2)

Substitute (2) in (1)
 $\displaystyle rate = k'K [NO][Cl _2][NO]$

Hence, rate $\displaystyle = k [NO]^2[Cl]$

The reaction is of second order in NO and first order in $\displaystyle Cl _2$. The overall reaction order is  $\displaystyle 2 + 1 = 3$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

The unit of rate constant for a given reaction is $M^{1-n}L^{n-1}t^{-1}$ where n is order of reaction.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The statement is true. The unit of rate constant for a given reaction is  $M^{1-n}L^{n-1}t^{-1}$ where $n$ is order of reaction.It is generally form for expressing rate constant. Rates are usually given in concentrations units over time units. The units of the rate constants depend upon the order of the reaction. The concentration is molarity and time is in seconds.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

A 22.4 litre flask contains 0.76 mm of ozone at $25^oC$. Calculate:
(i) the concentration of oxygen atom needed so that the reaction, $O+O _3\rightarrow 2O _2$ having rate constant equal to $1.5\times 10^7$ litre $mol^{-1} sec^{-1}$ can proceed with a rate of 0.15 mol $litre^{-1} sec^{-1}$
(ii) the rate of formation of oxygen under this condition.

  1. (i) $2.45\times 10^{-4}$, (ii) $0.30 mol L^{-1} t^{-1}$
  2. (i) $4.9\times 10^{-4}$, (ii) $0.60 mol L^{-1} t^{-1}$
  3. (i) $2.45\times 10^{-5}$, (ii) $0.30 mol L^{-1} t^{-1}$

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

$\displaystyle [O _3] = \frac {P}{RT} = \frac {0.76}{760 \times 0.0821 \times 298} = 4.08 \times 10^{-5} $
$\displaystyle [O] = \frac {rate}{k \times [O _3]} = \frac {0.15}{1.5 \times 10^{7} \times 4.08 \times 10^{-5} = 2.45 \times 10^{-4}  }$
The rate of formation of oxygen under this condition is equal to twice the rate of the reaction.
It is equal to $\displaystyle 2 \times 0.15 : mol litre^{-1} sec^{-1} = 0.30 : mol litre^{-1} sec^{-1} $

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

The unit and value of rate constant and that of rate of reaction are same for:

  1. first order

  2. zero order

  3. second order

  4. all are wrong
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

As we know,
For zero order reaction, $\frac {dx}{dt}=K$.
so, unit and value of rate constant and that of rate of reaction are same for zero order.

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

The rate constant of $n^{th}$ order has units:

  1. $Litre^{-1} mol^{1-n} sec^{-1}$
  2. $Mol^{1-n} litre^{1-n} sec^{-1}$
  3. $Mol^{1-n} litre^{n-1} sec^{-1}$
  4. $Mol^{1-n^{2}} litre^{n^{2}} sec^{-1}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

As we know,
For nth order; unit of rate constant may be derived by
$K=\frac {rate}{[reactant]^n}$
$=Mol^{1-n} litre^{n-1} sec^{-1}$

Multiple choice chemistry chemical kinetics dependence of reaction rate on concentration of reactants order of reactions factors influencing rate of a reaction

A reaction proceeds in three stages. The first stage is slow and involves two molecules of reactants. The second and third stage are fast. The overall order of the reaction is:

  1. first order

  2. second order

  3. third order

  4. zero order
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The overall order of the reaction is second order.
Reactions are proceeded in many steps, it does not means that no. of step will be equal to order of reaction. But rate is determined only by slow step of mechanism.