Tag: structure and function of neuron

Questions Related to structure and function of neuron

Which of the following is the component of the synapse?

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Presynaptic component

  2. Postsynaptic component

  3. Both A and B

  4. Nerve impulse

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The gap between two neurons across which impulses are conducted is known as a synapse. The presynaptic is the region of the axonic end of one neuron and the post synaptic is the dendritic end of the other neuron. It is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell and acts as a communication point between the neuron and the target organ. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

The point of communication and target cell is

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Synapse

  2. Nodes of Ranvier

  3. Dendrites

  4. Sense organs

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The gap between two neurons across which impulses are conducted is known as a synapse. The presynaptic is the region of the axonic end of one neuron and the post synaptic is the dendritic end of the other neuron. It is a structure that permits a neuron to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another cell and acts as a communication point between the neuron and the target organ. It is important for neuronal function. The nerve impulses are transmitted and received with the help of this regions. 
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Presynaptic ending contains 

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Mitochondria

  2. Lysosomes

  3. Centrioles

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • The synapse consists of :
1) presynaptic ending that contains neurotransmitters, and supporting cell organelles like mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. 
2) postsynaptic ending contains receptor sites for neurotransmitters. and 3)synaptic cleft is the space between the presynaptic and postsynaptic endings.
The function of mitochondria in presynaptic endings is the calcium homeostasis.
  • Hence Presynaptic ending contains Mitochondria.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Mitochondria'.

Joint between axon of a neuron and dendrite of next is called

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Synapse

  2. Synapsis

  3. Junction

  4. Bridge

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Correct Option: A

Synapse is......

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Crossing over between nonhomologous chromosomes

  2. Pairing of homologous chromosomes

  3. Junction between axon and dendrite of two different neurons

  4. Zigzag junction in cardiac muscle fibres

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Correct Option: C

Association between telodendria and dendrites is known as

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Synapse

  2. Aynapse

  3. Trinapse

  4. Dynapse

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Correct Option: A

Which of the following options correctly described the sequence of structures present between a receptor and an effector when D refers dendrite, A refers axon, S refers synapse and CB refers to cell body?

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. D - CB - A - S - D - CB - A

  2. A -D - CB - S - A - D - CB

  3. D - CB - A - S - A - CB - D

  4. D - A - S - CB - D - A - CB

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Correct Option: A

The chemicals which are released at the synaptic junction are known as

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Cerebrospinal fluid

  2. Hormones

  3. Neurotransmitters

  4. Lymph

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Neurotransmitters are the brain chemicals that communicate information throughout our brain and body. They relay signals between nerve cells called as neurons. They are the chemicals which allow the transmission of signals from one neuron to the next across synapses. They are also found at the axon endings of motor neurons, where they stimulate the muscle fibres. So, the correct answer is option C.

Select the option responsible for restoring resting membrane potential of a neuron

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Voltage gated ${ Na }^{ + }$ channels

  2. Voltage gated ${ K }^{ + }$ channels

  3. Leaky channels for ${ K }^{ + }$

  4. ${ Na }^{ + }/{ K }^{ + }$ pump

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The Sodium-Potassium pump is the process of moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane is an active transport process involving the hydrolysis of ATP to provide the necessary energy. It involves an enzyme referred to as Na+/K+.

So, the correct option is 'Na+/K+ pump'.

Nerve impulse generation is a

biology life processes: control and coordination nervous system in animals structure of neuron structure and function of neuron

  1. Physical process

  2. Chemical process

  3. Effected process

  4. Electro-chemical process

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
A nerve impulse is a way nerve cells (neurons) communicate with one another. Nerve impulses are mostly electrical signals along the dendrites to produce a nerve impulse or action potential. The action potential is the result of ions moving in and out of the cell.