Tag: nomenclature in classification

Cardiology is the branch of medicine that deals with diseases and abnormalities of the heart. 

• Binomial Nomenclature is the system of providing organisms with appropriate and distinct names consisting of two words, first generic and second specific
• The generic word is also called genus and acts like a noun and its first letter is written in the capital form
• The specific epithet represents the species. It is like an adjective and its first letter is written in a small form
• So the correct option is 'genus and species'.

According to binomial nomenclature system, every individual is given a scientific name which includes two terms genus and species.
Lion belongs to Genus Panthera and species Leo.

The scientific name comprises of the genetic name followed by the specific name.

Carolus Linnaeus proposed the binomial nomenclature. The purpose of binomial nomenclature was to provide universal identification to the living organism. The system of nomenclature in which two terms are used to denote a species of living organism, the first one indicating the genus and the second the specific epithet is known as binomial nomenclature.

Linnaeus is considered father of taxonomy and was first to use the binomial nomenclature for organisms in his book “Species Plantarum, 1753” in which he gave a generic name to each species. The generic names was followed by trivial name that represented the specific epithet and hence, the system of binomial nomenclature; option B is the correct answer. Benthum and Hooker proposed the most elaborate natural classification of seed plants in their three volume book “Genera Plantarum, 1863-83”. This makes options A and C incorrect as their work was published much later than that of Linnaeus. Darwin is best known for his theory of natural selection to explain the process of evolution. Thus, the correct answer is option B. 

On the basis of hierarchy of characteristics, the last two units of classification are genus and species. The organism belonging to same genus and species are very much similar.

The 10th edition of 'Systema Naturae' was a book written by Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced the binomial nomenclature for animals.
Thus, the answer is option (B) - 'Systema naturae'.

Brassica nigra is the botanical name of black mustard. 

Philosophia Botanica was published by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1751 who greatly influenced the development of botanical taxonomy and systematics. It is the first textbook of descriptive systematic botany and botanical Latin. It also contains Linnaeus's first published description of his binomial nomenclature.