Tag: nomenclature in classification

Questions Related to nomenclature in classification

P: The taxonomic hierarchy for Brassica campestris can be written as.
Plantae $\rightarrow$ Phanerogamae $\rightarrow$ Angiospermae $\rightarrow$ Dicotyledonae $\rightarrow$ Parietales $\rightarrow$ Brassicaceae $\rightarrow$ Brassica $\rightarrow$ campestris.
Q: Tautonym is the taxonomic designation used for certain plants having trinomial nomenclature.
R: A character present in an ancestral species and shares exclusively by its evolutionary descendants is referred to as synapomorphy.
S: Family Fabaceae is divided into three sub-families, i.e., Leguminosae, Mimosaceae and Caesalpiniaceae.
Which of the following combinations of given statements is correct?

botany plant taxonomy nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification

  1. P and Q

  2. P and R

  3. R and S

  4. P, R and S

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Tautonym is the taxonomic designation used for certain animals assigned with same generic name and specific name. E.g. Rattus rattus (rat), Catla catla (catla), etc. Family Leguminosae is divided into three sub-families, i.e., Papilionacea ($=$Fabaceae), Mimosaceae and Caesalpiniaceae.

Select the correctly written botanical/zoological name.

biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

  1. Homo Sapiens

  2. Panthera tigris

  3. Pisum sativum

  4. Mangifera Indica

Show answer
Correct Option: B,C
Explanation:

The scientific naming of an organism is termed as Binomial nomenclature. It was first given by Carl Linnaeus. In this system, the first section of the name indicates genus and the second one indicating the species name. Genus name should always start with capital letter and the species name should start with the small letter. In the biological name both the words, when handwritten are separately underlined or printed in italics.

So, the correct answer is ‘Panthera tigris and Pisum sativum'.

Plants were given Latin names because it is a.

biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

  1. Simple language

  2. Common language

  3. Dead language

  4. None of these

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The scientific names ensure that each organism has only one name. Description of any organism should enable the people (in any part of the world) to arrive at the same time. They also ensure that such a name has not been used for any other known organism. Dead language is a language that is no longer spoken by anyone as their main language.

So the correct option is "Dead language".

ICBN is?

biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

  1. International Code of Biological Naming

  2. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature

  3. International Class of Biological Nomenclature

  4. International Classification of Biological Nomenclature

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

ICBN stands for International Code for Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN).

So the correct option is " International Code for Botanical Nomenclature".

The main objective of plant taxonomy is?

biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

  1. To study the world's flora

  2. To provide a method for identification and nomenclature

  3. To provide Latin 'scientific' names for every group of plants in the world

  4. All of these

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Classification is the process by which anything is grouped into convenient categories based on some easily observable characters. Hence, based on characteristics, all living organisms can be classified into different taxa. This process of classification is taxonomy. External and internal structure, along with the structure of cell, development process and ecological information of organisms are essential and form the basis of modern taxonomic studies. Hence, characterization, identification, classification, and nomenclature are the process that is basis to taxonomy.

So the correct option is "To provide a method for identification and nomenclature".

In which of the following, scientific name, family and common name are correctly mentioned?

biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

  1. Scientific name-Batrachospermum, Family-Rhodophyceae, Common name-Frog's spawn algae

  2. Scientific name-Spirogyra, Family-Chlorophyceae, Common name-Water net

  3. Scientific name-Lycopodium, Family-Lycopodiaceae, Common name-Sanjeevani

  4. Scientific name-Selaginella, Family-Lycopodiaceae, Common name-Little club moss

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Batrachospermum is the botanical name for frogs spawn algae, while the other options have incorrect scientific names.

So, the correct option is 'Scientific name-Batrachospermum, Family-Rhodophyceae, Common name-Frog's spawn algae'.

Which of the following statements regarding universal rules of nomenclature is wrong?

biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

  1. The first word is biological name represents the genus.

  2. The first word denoting the genus starts with a capital letter.

  3. Both the words in a biological name, when handwritten, are separately underline.

  4. Biological names are generally in Greek and written in italics.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Binomial nomenclature is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name – the generic name – identifies the genus to which the species belongs, while the second part – the specific name or specific epithet – identifies the species within the genus.


So the correct option is 'Biological names are generally in Greek and written in italics.'

A homonym is 

biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

  1. Two or more names for the same taxon.

  2. Species name repeats the generic name.

  3. Identical name of two different taxa.

  4. Name given to a taxon in local language.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A homonym is the identical name of two different taxa. 

The rule in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is that the first such name to be published is the senior homonym and is to be used (it is "valid") and any others are junior homonyms and must be replaced with new names.
For example, Cuvier proposed the genus Echidna in for the spiny anteater.
However, Forster had already published the name Echidna in for a genus of moray eels. Forster's use thus has priority, with Cuvier's being a junior homonym.
So, the correct option is 'Identical name of two different taxas'.

Common names are 

biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

  1. Non-specific

  2. Scientific

  3. Morphological

  4. Universal

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
  • The local name of a particular plant or animal is non-specific and not sufficient for identification because they can have numerous local names according to regional languages.
  • For example, The lion is called lion in English and French, sher in Hindi, Leon in Spanish etc. 
  • So, there arises a need for a universal name that can be recognized by all the countries and regions. This lead way to the issuing of binomial names to plants and animals.
Hence, the correct option is 'Non-specific'.

Generic name should be written as 

biology classification of living organisms binomial nomenclature nomenclature of organisms naming of the organisms nomenclature in classification

  1. First letter capital and double word

  2. First letter small and double word

  3. First letter capital and single word

  4. First letter small and single word

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • According to the conventions followed by binomial nomenclature, the scientific name comprises of Genus and Specific epithet.
  • The first letter genus is capitalized while species name is written in small alphabets. Example: Mangifera indica.
  • So, the correct option is 'First letter capital and single word'.