Tag: irrigation and power

• Sprinklers are used as irrigation tools that supply water to agricultural crops.
  
• It is very much useful as water is let out and sprinkled through small knobs. This checks wastage of water by seepage and evaporation.
  
• Apart from irrigation sprinklers are also used in industrial purposes.
  

• Tank irrigation includes storage of water by constructing a bund across the stream. Peninsular plateau is leading in tank irrigation out of which Andhra Pradesh stands first.
  
• Tank irrigation becomes continuous source of water and helps in preventing wastage of rain water especially in Deccan region where temperature is very high
  
• But the demerit of tank irrigation is that water can be lost through evaporation.
  

In India monsoon usually lasts from July to September. It is very irregular and un predictable and hence India requires highly sophisticated irrigation facilities by which rain water can be stored and used all along the year. 

• India's rank in the world with respect to the amount of water available per person per year is 133.
  
• India is the second largest consumer of water in the world. Its consumption contributes 20.1% of world’s consumption of water.
  
• The per capita water available in India is 297.7 cubic meter. 
  

• India is currently, under no such stress; however, it is expected to become a moderate water scarce country by 2050.India is a developing country which needs water for its increasing population and economy. It is being projected that water demand in India is going to be as high as 24% by 2025.

• Irrigation is the method by which water is collected, stored and supplied controllably when required by artificial means.
  
• All the given options like increase in salinization, groundwater depletion, etc., are not the outcome of irrigation projects. But sometimes reservoirs may result in floods due to loss of capacity in the reservoirs caused by sedimentation.
  

• Rajasthan canal which is renamed as Indira Gandhi canal starts at Harike barrage, Punjab and terminates in Thar Desert of Rajasthan. It takes its waters from Sutlej River one of the tributaries of Indus River.
  
• The canal has transformed the barren deserts of this district into rich and lush fields.
  

• Chilika is the name of a lake present in the aster coast of India.
  
• It is a brackish water lagoon present in the state of Odisha. It flows into Bay of Bengal.
  
• The lake is an ecosystem with large fishery resources.
  

Tank irrigation is most prevalent in the peninsular plateau region of India, particularly in Tamil Nadu, due to the undulating terrain and hard rock surface that allows for the collection of rainwater in depressions.

Canal irrigation occupies the second place after well irrigation and accounts for about 27% of the total irrigated area. India has one of the world’s largest canal systems. Canal irrigation is extensive in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Bihar.