Tag: personal and public cleanliness

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Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Select the correct statement regarding activated sludge formed during secondary sewage treatment.

  1. A small part of it is rapidly pumped back from sedimentation to aeration tank.

  2. It absorbs pathogenic bacteria present in waste water while sinking to the bottom of the settling tank.

  3. A major part of it Is anaerobically digested.

  4. Both (a) and (c)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
A small part of activated sludge is pumped back  from sedimentation to aeration tank. But it dos not absorb pathogenic bacteria.
A major part of activated sludge is anaerobically digested by methanogens.
So, the correct option is 'Both (a) and (c)'
Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

____________  is the first step of sewage treatment.

  1. Precipitation

  2. Chlorination

  3. Sedimentation

  4. Aeration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Primary treatment in sewage treatment involves physical removal of particles (large and small) from the sewage through filtration and sedimentation. Initially floating debris is removed by sequential filtration. Then the grit (soil and small pebbles) are removed by sedimentation. 

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Study the following statements and select the incorrect ones.


(i) Physical removal of large and small particles through filtration and sedimentation is called primary sewage treatment.
(ii) Secondary sewage treatment is mainly a mechanical process.
(iii) Activated sludge sediment in a sewage treatment plant is a rich source of aerobic bacteria.
(iv) Biogas, commonly called as gobar gas, is pure methane.

  1. A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)

  2. A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii)

  3. A-(iii), B-(ii), C-(iv), D-(i)

  4. A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Secondary treatment is also called biological treatment or microbial degradation. It is mainly a biological process. Biogas is a mixture of gases, containing predominantly methane (50-70%), $CO _2$ (30-40%) and traces of hydrogen, $H _2S$ and nitrogen.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

During the primary treatment of sewage, solid particles that settle down are called

  1. Flocs

  2. Primary sludge

  3. Activated sludge

  4. Anaerobic sludge
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Primary or physical treatment is the process of removal of small and large, floating and suspended solids from sewage through two processes of filtration and sedimentation. First floating and suspended matter is removed through sequential filtration with progressively smaller pore filters. The sediment is called primary sludge while the supernatant is called effluent. The primary sludge traps a lot of microbes and debris. It is subjected to composting, land fill or anaerobic digestion to produce biogas and manure. 

So, the correct answer is 'Primary sludge'.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Which of the following could be a substance found in waste water that floats on the top and is removed in the Primary Treatment of water?

  1. Oil and grease

  2. Human faeces

  3. Hair

  4. Plastic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Primary treatment removes material that will either float or readily settle out by gravity. It includes the physical processes of screening, comminution, grit removal, and sedimentation.
  • Human faeces, hair and plastic settle down at bottom while Oil and grease are immiscible in water and are found floating on top.
So, the correct option is 'Oil and grease'.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Read the following statements & about waste water treatment how many of them are correct

(i) In Primary treatment First, floating debris of waste is  removed by sequence filters
(ii) The Soil and small pebbles are removed by sedimentation in settling tanks
(iii)The sediment is called primary sludge and supernatant is effluent.
(iv) The Sludge is taken for Secondary treatment.
(v) Lower the B.O.D., higher Is water pollution.
(vi)When DDT enters the food chain then they reach water and are easily degradable.
(vii)Discharge of sewage water into river water will decrease its B.O.D.
(viii) Chlorine is added to disinfect drinking water

  1. (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)

  2. (i), (ii), (iii), (vii)

  3. (i), (ii) (iv), (v)

  4. (i),(iv),(v), (viii)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Treatment of wastewater is done by the heterotrophic microbes naturally present in the sewage. 
  • This treatment is carried out in two stages: 
  1.  Primary treatment: These treatment steps basically involve physical removal of particles large and small from the sewage through filtration and sedimentation. Initially, floating debris is removed by sequential filtration. Then the grit (soil and small pebbles) are removed by sedimentation. All solids that settle form the primary sludge and the supernatant forms the effluent. The effluent from the primary settling tank is taken for secondary treatment.
  2. Secondary treatment or Biological treatment: The primary effluent is passed into large aeration tanks. 
  • Hence, (i) In Primary treatment First, floating debris of waste is removed by sequence filters (ii) The Soil and small pebbles are removed by sedimentation in settling tanks (iii)The sediment is called primary sludge and supernatant is affluent. (iv) The Sludge is taken for Secondary treatment following statements & about wastewater treatment are correct. 

  • So, the correct answer is '(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)'.
Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Which of the following statements is correct ?

  1. Activated sludge - sediment in settlement tanks of sewage treatment plant is a rich source of aerobic bacteria

  2. Biogas is produced by the activity of aerobic bacteria on animal feed

  3. Methanobacterium is an aerobic bacterium found in rumen of cattle.

  4. Biogas, commonly called gobar gas, is pure methane.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Activated sludge consists of a flocculent mass of aerobic bacteria and fungi that decompose organic matter in sewage. Biogas is produced by anaerobic bacteria, and Methanobacterium is an anaerobe.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Permutit is the trade name of a mixture of?

  1. Hydrated silicates of Ca and Mg

  2. Hydrated silicates of Al and Na

  3. Hydrated aluminates of Ca and No

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The permutit process is a process in where hard water containing such as Calcium is filtered through natural sand called the zeolite.
This is the hydrated silicate of Ca and Mg.
So, the correct option is 'Hydrated silicates of Ca and Mg'
Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Which of the following is correct for sewage discharge in river?

  1. At the discharge point B.O.D is high and fishes die

  2. At the discharge point D.O. is high

  3. B.O.D increase downstream ion river

  4. From the discharge 50 KM away, Fishes ,die
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

When sewage is discharged into a river, the high organic load increases the biological oxygen demand (BOD) as microorganisms decompose the waste, leading to a drop in dissolved oxygen (DO) and the death of aquatic organisms like fish.

Multiple choice biology wastewater story basics of water pollution sewage treatment wastewater treatment - need and methods personal and public cleanliness who will do this? water borne disease hygiene - a key to healthy life

Select the correct statement from the following.

  1. Activated sludge-sediment in settlement tanks of sewage treatment plant is a rich source of aerobic bacteria

  2. Biogas is produced by the activity of aerobic bacteria on animal waste

  3. Methano bacterium is an aerobic bacterium found in rumen of cattle

  4. Biogas, commonly called as global gas, is pure methane
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

1. The effluent from aeration tank is passed into a settling tank where the aerobic bacterial ‘flocs’ are allowed to sediment and the sediment is called activated sludge.

2. Biogas is produced by the activity of anaerobic bacteria on activated sludge.
3. Methano bacterium is an anaerobic bacteria found in rumen of cattle.
4. Biogas is a mixture of gases such as methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide.
So, the correct option is 'Activated sludge-sediment in settlement tanks of sewage treatment plant is a rich source of aerobic bacteria'.