Tag: fossil fuels

Questions Related to fossil fuels

The metal(s) used as a catalyst in catalytic reforming of petroleum is/are:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. rhenium

  2. molybdenum

  3. platinum

  4. palladium

Show answer
Correct Option: A,C
Explanation:

In catalytic reforming process, high octane number reformate is formed which is the main component of a motor, fuel, aviation gasoline or aromatic rich feedstock. The noble metals platinum and rhenium are the catalysts used for it.

Reformates are:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. high octane liquids

  2. low octane liquids

  3. mixture of high octane and low octane liquids

  4. none

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Catalytic reforming is a chemical process that is used to convert petroleum refinery naphthas, typically those which are having lower octane ratings into high octane liquid products which are termed as reformates. They are the components of high octane gasoline.

Which of the following aromatic compound is not obtained from reformate during cracking?

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Xylene

  2. Toluene

  3. Cummene

  4. Benzene

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Cracking is a process of refining or extraction of crude oil. In this process heat and pressure is used to break, rearrange or combine hydrocarbon molecules. In this process more the depth of cracking, lower octane number of gasoline are obtained. Cummene is not obtained during cracking.

The temperature range of kerosene obtained from petrol is ___________.

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. between $400^0C to 500^0C$.

  2. between  $300^0C to 500^0C$.

  3. between  $300^0C to 200^0C$.

  4. between   $100^0C to 200^0C$.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  1. Kerosene is obtained from petroleum between $ 200^0C  to  300^0C $.

The hydrocarbons present in diesel are from:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. $C _{15}\ to\ C _{18}$

  2. $C _{25}\ to\ C _{38}$

  3. $C _{35}\ to\ C _{58}$

  4. $C _{55}\ to\ C _{68}$

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Hydrocarbons present in

Gasoline $\Rightarrow C _3-C _{12}$
Napthalene $\Rightarrow C _8-C _{12}$
Kerosene/Jet fuels $\Rightarrow C _{11}-C _{14}$
Diesel & fuel oils $\Rightarrow C _{15}-C _{18}$
The hydrocarbons present in diesel are $C _{15}-C _{18}$.

The petrol, octance number of which is $80$, has:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. $20\%$ n - heptane + $80\%$ iso-octane

  2. $20\%$ n - heptane + $80\%$ n-octane

  3. $80\%$ n - heptane + $20\%$ iso-octane

  4. $80\%$ n - heptane + $20\%$ n-octane

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Petrol, which has octane number 80 contain 20% n-heptane and 80% iso-octane.

The process of separating the various constituents of petroleum is known as:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. fractional distillation

  2. distillation

  3. separation

  4. multiple separation

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The process of separating the various constituents of petroleum is known as fractional distillation.

$90-$ Octane Petrol is a rating that indicates that the petrol in the engine would not waster its energy in making a 'knocking sound', but would rather use its energy efficiency to maintaining speed for travel $'90-Octane$ petrol' means that the petrol is as good as:

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. $90$% octane

  2. $90$% normal heptane and $10$% iso-octane

  3. A mixture of $90$% iso-octane and $10$% normal (straight chain) heptane

  4. $90$% petrol

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

90-Octane petrol is the  mixture of 90% iso-octane and 10% normal (straight chain) heptane.

Hence option C is correct.

Synthetic petrol and kerosine can be made form coal by passing one of the following gases under heat and pressure over-coal.

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. Nitrogen

  2. Hydrogen

  3. Oxygen

  4. Carbon dioxide

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

When coal is passed through hydrogen under heat and pressure it produces synthetic petrol and kerosene which is used for household fuel.

Octane number is a scale for counting?

chemistry energy rocks and minerals petroleum and natural gas fossil fuels

  1. the quantity of water present in alcohol.

  2. the percentage of liquefied petroleum gas in a given sample of petrol.

  3. the quality of petrol

  4. the number of different hydrocarbons present in a sample of petrol.

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Octane rating or octane number is a standard measure of the performance of a motor- or aviation fuel. The higher the octane number, the more compression the fuel can withstand. fuels with a higher octane rating are used in high performance petrol engines that require higher compression ratios. thus it reflects the quality of fuel.