Tag: fossil fuels
Questions Related to fossil fuels
Which of the following is not an important refinery process for upgrading the quality of lubrication oil?
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solvent refining
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deoiling
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clay treatment
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hydrotreatment
In the refinery for lubricating oil, solvent refining, clay treatment and hydrotreatment are the important processes. The solvent used for refining purpose has to be pure. Clay treatment is done to remove colour, odour and sulphur from the oil.
Flash point of atmospheric distillation residue is determined by ______apparates.
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cleveland(open cup type)
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abel
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pensky-martens
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none of these
Cleveland is an open cup apparatus is also known as open cup tester. In this, the cup is first filled with the product to a certain level. Then the temperature is raised rapidly and then at a slow constant rate as it approaches the theoretical flashpoint. The lowest temperature at which a small test flame passing over the liquid ignites the vapour is considered chemical's flashpoint.
When earth's crust is drilled, hydrocarbon came out first is:
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petroleum
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methane
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ethane
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butane
Hydrocarbon is a compound containing carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms. Methane is the hydrocarbon found in the earth's crust. It is the simplest hydrocarbon. It is mainly used as fuel.
Major source of propylene in a refinery is:
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visbreaking
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iso cracking process
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fluidised bed catalytic cracking
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catalytic reforming
Propylene is often referred to as the crown prince of petrochemicals. Propylene is a byproduct of steam crackers and the varying amount of olefins is produced from steam crackers depending on the type of feedstock. Other sources of propylene may be the recovery of propylene from FCC light ends, Propane dehydrogenation and fluidized bed catalytic cracking.
As per the EuroIII norms for gasoline the benzene content should be:
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1%
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2%
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3%
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4%
Bharat stage emission standard is an emission standard institute which is governed by the government of India to regulate the air pollutants from internal combustion engines or vehicle motors.Bharat Stage III norms or Euro III norms were enforced in October 2010 all over the country. According to this benzene content in gasoline should be 1%.
Which of the following is true from given statements?
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use of steam reduces the selectivity towards higher olefin production
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increase tube diameter increases the yield of propylene
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use of steam increases the selectivity towards higher olefin production
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increase tube diameter increases the yield of ethyne
Which of the following statements is true if fuel has high aniline point?
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Fuel has low paraffin
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Fuel has high diesel index
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Fuel has high aromatics
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Fuel has low diesel index
Aniline point is the lowest temperature at which equal volumes of fresh aniline and an oil are completely miscible. Higher the aniline point, higher is the diesel index. Diesel index indicates the ignition quality of the fuel.
Steam consumption in steam cracker plant is high in case of:
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gas oil
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propane
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napthalene
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ethane
In petroleum chemistry, Steam cracker plant is a process by which complex organic molecules are broken down to the simpler molecules using steam. Here, the cracking is done by using steam. Ethane cracking consumes the maximum amount of steam.
In a case of catalytic reforming dehydration of naphthenes to aromatics is:
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favoured by a decrease in temperature and decrease in pressure
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favoured by an increase in temperature and increase in pressure
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favoured by an increase in temperature and decrease in pressure
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none of these
In catalytic reforming process, high octane number reformate is formed which is the main component of the motor, fuel, aviation gasoline or aromatic rich feedstock. Favourable Conditions for the reaction are High temperature, Low pressure and low space velocity.
The RON/MON values of $n$-heptane is:
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$0$
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$100$
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$1000$
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$50$
Octane number can be determined by RON, MON and AKI. The most common
method used for the measurement is RON. RON is determined by running the
fuel in a test engine and comparing the results with those for mixtures
of iso- octane and $n$- heptane. The RON/MON value for $n$- heptane is 0.