Tag: environmental conservation and biodiversity

Questions Related to environmental conservation and biodiversity

India constitutes _______ percent of the world's land area and contributes _______ percent of the global species diversity.

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. 1.0, 5.5

  2. 5.5, 1.0

  3. 8.1, 2.4

  4. 2.4, 8.1

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Although India has only 2.4 percent of the world's land area, its share of the global species diversity is an impressive 8.1 percent. 

Species diversity ______ as we move away from the ______ towards_____.

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. decreases, equator, poles

  2. increases, equator, poles

  3. decreases, poles, equator

  4. none of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The biodiversity shows a latitudinal and altitudinal gradient. The species diversity decrease as well as we move away from the equator towards the poles with very few exceptions, tropics harbour more species than temperature or polar areas.

Which of the following statements regarding the estimates of number of species found on earth is not correct?

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Total number of species present on earth are considered to be about 7 million as estimated by Robert May.

  2. Plants constitute more than 70% of all the species recorded, whereas animals constitute less than 22% of the total number of species.

  3. Insects constitute more than 70% of all the animal species.

  4. None of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Animals constitute more than 70% of all the species recorded whereas plants constitute around 22% of total number of species. 

The diversity of organisms sharing the same habitat or community is termed as

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. alpha diversity

  2. beta diversity

  3. gamma diversity

  4. delta diversity.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ecological diversity is of three types:
(i) Alpha diversity
(ii) Beta diversity
(iii) Gamma biodiversity.

Species diversity ______ as one moves from high to low altitudes.

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. increases

  2. decreases

  3. first increases then decreases

  4. first decreases then increases

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Biodiversity changes with the change in altitude. It increases as one moves from higher to lower altitudes.

Alpha diversity is biodiversity present 

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. within community

  2. between communities

  3. ranges of communities

  4. none of these.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Ecological diversity is of three types:
(i) Alpha diversity
(ii) Beta diversity
(iii) Gamma biodiversity.

Study the given populations and choose the correct answer in relation to species diversity.

Population Species  Group Individuals
Population  A                I Mammals  3
     II Birds  2
     III Amphibians  2
Population  B      I Mammals  2
     II Mammals  2
    III Amphibians  1
Population  C      I Mammals  3
    II Mammals  2
   III Mammals  1

 

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Maximum diversity - Population B; 

    Minimum diversity - Population C

  2. Maximum diversity - Population A; 

    Minimum diversity - Population C

  3. Maximum diversity - Population A; 

    Minimum diversity - Population B

  4. Maximum diversity - Population B; 

    Minimum diversity - Population A

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Species diversity is the number of different species present in a given population i. e. 'Species diversity relates to the number of different species.'
In population A, there are 3 different classes present. These are mammals, birds, and amphibians. Hence, it will have vast species diversity.
In population B, only 2 classes are present, namely mammals and amphibians. Hence, species diversity will be less compared to that of population A.
In population C, all the species belongs only to class mammals. Hence, it will show the least species diversity.

So the correct answer is option B.

On a logarithmic scale, the species area relationship is a straight line described by the equation log S = log C + Z log A.
What does S, C, Z and A represent in the given equation? Select the correct answer from the codes given below.
Species richness = 1
Slope of the line  = 2
Y- intercept          = 3 
Area                    = 4

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. 1 - C; 2 - S; 3 - Z; 4 - A

  2. 1 - S; 2 - Z; 3 - C; 4 - A

  3. 1 - Z; 2 - S; 3 - C; 4 - A

  4. 1 - A; 2 - C; 3 - S; 4 - Z

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The relationshipbetween species richness and area is rectangular hyperbola for a wide variety of taxa whether they are birds, bats, freshwater fishes or flowering plants and the equation can be given as S = $CA^z$.

Niche overlap indicates 

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. mutualiism between two species

  2. active cooperation between two species

  3. two different parasites on the same host

  4. sharing of one more resources between the two species

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Ecological niche means the total interaction of a species with its environment or its functions position on status in an ecosystem. Ecological niche depends on the species structural adaptions, physical responses and behavior Niche overlap means that one or more resources are shared beteen two species .

Which of the following ways is most likely to decrease the genetic diversity in a population?

zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

  1. Gene mutation

  2. Genetic recombination

  3. Stabilising natural selection

  4. Immigration of individuals

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
  • Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species. For example, The genetic diversity shown by the medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different Himalayan ranges might be in terms of the potency and concentration of the active chemical (reserpine) that the plant produces. 
  • Genetic variation is an important force in evolution as it allows natural selection to increase or decrease the frequency of alleles already in the population.
  • Stabilizing natural selection is most likely to decrease the genetic diversity in a population because the frequency of alleles remains constant in stabilized natural selection.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Stabilising natural selection'.