Tag: environmental conservation and biodiversity

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Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Pollination in Vallisneria is

  1. Epihydrophily

  2. Hypohydrophily

  3. Subhydrophily

  4. Both B and C
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Pollination in Vallisneria is epihydriphilous. It is a type of hydrophily which occurs on the surface of water. The female flower have a very long pedicel, therefore it reaches the surface of water. Male flowers after breakage floats on the surface of water. Pollen grains are released on to the surface of water. They are carried passively by water currents, some of them eventually reach the female flowers and the stigma.

Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Pollination by water occurs in

  1. <font><font>Ceratophyllum</font></font>

  2. <font><font>Zostera</font></font>

  3. <font><font>Lemna</font></font>

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Pollination by water occurs in Ceratophyllum and Zostera. These are aquatic plants. Pollination carried out through water is hydrophily. Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants and is limited to about 30 genera, mostly monocots, e.g. freshwater plants and marine water plants. Light and unwettable pollen grains are present in these plants.
Zostera is a totally submerged marine angiosperm. It has long, elongated and needle-like pollen grains which are without exine. They float below the surface of water and pollination by water occurs in this plant. 

Ceratophyllum is a totally submerged freshwater plant. 30-45 stamens are present in male flower. When sinking in water, female flowers come in contact with the pollen grains released from the male flower to effect pollination.
Lemna is also a water plant, but it undergoes pollination by the means of snail i.e., malacophily.

Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Some plants harbour ants to save themselves from other animals. It is

  1. Anemophily

  2. Entomophily

  3. Myrmecophily

  4. Hydrophily

  5. Zoophily
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Anemophily is a type of pollination in which pollination takes place with the help of wind. Entomophily is a type of pollination in which pollination takes place through insect. Myrmecophily is a mutual association of some plants with ants to save themselves from other animals. Hydrophily is a type of pollination in which pollination occurs through flow of water. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Moth Pronuba($=$ Tegaticula) passes its larval stage in plant pollinated by it. The plant is?

  1. Ficus cairica

  2. Yucca

  3. Tagetes

  4. Cosmos
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Yucca moth is also termed as the Pronuba moth. It is a small white moth that lives in the semi-arid habitats where Yucca plants grow. The Yucca moth is well-known for its relationship with the Yucca plant. The Yucca moth’s larvae are relying on the seeds of the Yucca plant as a primary food source. No one can exist without the other, creating an obligate mutualism between the moth and the plant. It is true for types of Yucca moths such as Tegeticula .


 So correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

In Salvia, pollination occurs through the agency of

  1. Insects

  2. Bats

  3. Ants

  4. Snails
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In Salvia, pollination occurs through the agency of insects. When insects are the pollinating agents, then pollination is known as entomophily. These are the most common biotic agents of pollination. Bees are the most common insect which acts as pollinating agents. Other insect pollinators are butterflies, flies, beetles, wasps, ants, moths. Majority of insect-pollinated flowers are large-sized. Small-sized flowers are clustered into an inflorescence. Flowers are colourful and fragrant. Nectaries are present. The pollen grain is sticky.

Salvia genus belongs to family Labiatae. In these plants, the gametopetalous corolla is two-lipped. The lower lip provides the platform for the visiting insect and the upper lip just protects the floral organs. In these plants, cross-pollination occurs only when the pollen-dusted bee visits older flowers with mature gynoecium.

Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Pollination with the help of snails is called.

  1. Myrmecophily

  2. Malacophily

  3. Lepidopterophily

  4. Entomophily
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Pollination is processed by the agent which transfers pollen from the pollen sac or anther to the stigma or ovule in the flower. Pollination done by snails is called malacophily. Such type of flowers is called as malacophilous. These flowers achieve pollination only by the help of snails and slugs.

Thus, the correct answer is malacophily.

Correct option is B.

Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Fragrant flowers with well developed nectaries are an adaptation for

  1. Zoophily

  2. Anemophily

  3. Entomophily

  4. Hydrophily
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fragrant flowers with well-developed nectaries are an adaptation for entomophily. In entomophily, insects are the pollinating agents. These are the most common biotic agents of pollination. Bees are the most common insect which acts as pollinating agents. Other insect pollinators are butterflies, flies, beetles, wasps, ants, moths. Majority of insect-pollinated flowers are large-sized. These flowers are colorful and possess fragrance to attract the insects. Nectar is given as a reward to insects. Thus, option C is correct.

Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

The process of transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigmatic surface of flower with the help of water is

  1. Anemophily

  2. Hydrophily

  3. Zoophily

  4. Ornithophily
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The process of transfer of pollen grains from the anther to stigmatic surface of the flower with the help of water is hydrophily. Pollination by water is quite rare in flowering plants and is limited to about 30 genera, mostly monocots, e.g. freshwater plants like Vallisneria, Hydrilla; marine water plants like Zostera. Light unwettable pollen grains are present in these plants. Pollen grains are surrounded by mucilaginous covering, hence protected from wetting. Stigma is long, sticky and unwettable.

Pollination by water may occur at two places: 
  1. Epihydrophily: It occurs on the surface of the water. e.g. Vallisneria.
  2. Hypohydrophily: It occurs beneath the surface of the water. e.g. Zostera.

Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Choose the mismatched option.

  1. Wind - Cannabis - Anemophily

  2. Water - Zostera - Hydrophily

  3. Insects - Salvia - Entomophily

  4. Birds - Adansonia - Ornithophily

  5. Bats - Kigelia - Chiropterophily
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
• Pollination by means of wind is called Anemophily. Example, Cannabis.
• Pollination by means of water is called Hydrophily. Example, Zostera.
• Pollination by means of insects is called Entomophily. Example, Salvia.
• Pollination by means of birds is called Ornithophily. Example, Begonia.
• Pollination by means of bats is called Chiropterophily. Example, Kigelia.
Hence, the mismatched pair is D, because Adansonia is a plant which is pollinated by bats, not by birds.
So, the correct answer is D.
Multiple choice biology pollination and fertilization agents of pollination environmental conservation and biodiversity pollination, fertilization and development of endosperm and embryo

Pollination in Lotus is carried out by

  1. Wind

  2. Water

  3. Insects

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Lotus has bisexual flowers but anthers and stigma mature at different times so self pollination doesn't occur. Thus, Lotus is cross-pollinated by beetles. Beetles are attracted to the Lotus flower by the odour of the nectar. Beetle enter the flower at night and stays there for the whole night. The flower opens in the morning and beetle visits another flower at night. Thus, as the beetle visits different flowers, pollen from one flower are transferred to the stigma of different flowers because pollen get attached to the body of the beetles. Hence, this type of cross-pollination occurs in Lotus by means of insects i.e. beetles. So, the correct answer is C.