Tag: air pollution and its effects

Questions Related to air pollution and its effects

The term acid rain was given by

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Fourier

  2. Angus

  3. Tyndall

  4. Linnaeus

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The term acid rain was coined in 1872 by Robert Angus Smith. The acid rain is contains water having pH around 5.6. When the air pollutants like oxides of nitrogen and oxides of sulphur reach the troposphere, they react with the water or moisture and forms acids like nitric acid, nitrous acid or sulphuric acid. These acids then precipitate with the rain to form the acid rain. Hence, the correct answer is 'Angus'.

How does acid precipitation(acid rain) affect plants?

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. It releases H$+$ ions, thereby increasing the of rate photophosphorylation in green cells

  2. It precipitates organic acids in palisades cells of leaves, thereby inhibiting respiration

  3. It injuries foliage leading to reduction in photosynthesis, biomass and occasionally death

  4. It precipitates toxic nutrients in soil leading to growth inhibition in trees

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Correct Option: A

Acid rains are produced by

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Excess $ { NO } { x } $ and $ { SO }{ 2 } from burning fossil fuels

  2. Excess production of $ { NH } _{ 3 } $ by industries and power plants

  3. Excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels

  4. Excess release of $ { CO } _{ 2 } $ by combustion and animal respiration.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Acid rain is caused by large-scale emission of acidic gases into the atmosphere from thermal power plants, industries, and automobiles. The common ones are sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides NOx, volatile organic carbons VOCs and hydrogen chloride. NOx is also produced in the atmosphere through lightning. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are changed in the atmosphere into sulphuric acid and nitric acid by combining with oxygen and water.

So, the correct answer is 'Excess NOx and $ { SO }_{ 2 } from burning fossil fuels'.

Which of the following causes regional pollution?

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Smog

  2. Acid rain

  3. $O _3$ layer depletion

  4. Both A and B

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Smog is formed of smoke and fog and is particularly a pressing problem for large metropolitan cities. The constituents of smog are ground-level ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds. The sources of these pollutants are emissions from vehicles, smokestack emission paints etc. 
Acid rain is formed when sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with water and oxygen forming more acidic pollutant. Areas having industrial abundance are prone to acid rains. The major sources are coal-fired power plants, burning of fossil fuels etc.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Both A and B'

In acid rain, $SO _2$, sulphuric acid accounts for

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. $100\%$

  2. $30\%$

  3. $50\%$

  4. $70\%$

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction. Basically, rain that has unusually low pH is called acid rain. The most common chemicals that cause acid rain are sulphur oxides and nitric oxides. These substances rise high in the atmosphere where they react with water, oxygen and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutant. Sulphur dioxide on reaction with water and oxygen forms sulphur trioxide which is rapidly converted into sulphuric acid in presence of water. It accounts for 70% volume in acid rain.

Hence, the correct answer is '70%'.

Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants.
economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. True

  2. False

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air. These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.
Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals and infrastructure. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids.

What is an estimated damage caused by acid rain to buildings in USA?

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. 3 billion $ a Year

  2. 4 billion $ a Year

  3. 9 billion $ a Year

  4. 5 billion $ a Year

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Correct Option: D

Acid rain is capable of damaging the buildings and historic monuments which are made up of rocks such as limestone and marble. Which among the following is the end product of such reaction?

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Quick Lime

  2. Calcium Carbonate

  3. Calcium Hydroxide

  4. Gypsum

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Correct Option: D

In acid rain, water dissolves toxic elements from rocks such as:

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. Cobalt

  2. Aluminum

  3. Salts

  4. $CO _{2}$

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Correct Option: B

Burning of coal produces oxides of sulphur and nitrogen which combined with water vapor leads to

economics environmental economics acid rain air pollution - effects and control air pollution and its effects

  1. acid rain

  2. brackish water

  3. forest fire

  4. soil pollution

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Correct Option: A