Tag: active and passive immunity

Questions Related to active and passive immunity

Grafted kidney may be rejected in a patient due to 

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. Humoral immune system

  2. Cell mediated immune response

  3. Passive immune response

  4. Innate immune response

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
  • The grafted kidney may be rejected in a patient due to the cell-mediated immune response that is mediated by T-lymphocytes.
  •  The body is able to differentiate 'self' and 'non-self'. 
  • Therefore, tissue matching, blood group matching are essential before undertaking any graft/transplant and even after this the patient has to take immunosuppressants all his/her life.
  •  Hence, the Grafted kidney may be rejected in a patient due to Cell-mediated immune response.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Cell-mediated immune response'.

Read the following statement having two blanks (A and B). "A drug used for A patients is obtained from a species of the organism B. The one correct option for the two blanks is

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. A-heart, B-Penicillium

  2. A-organ-transplant, B-Trichoderma

  3. A-swine flu, B-Monascus

  4. A-AIDS, B-Pseudomonas

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A) $Penicillium$ is an antibiotic and is not related to heart patients.
B) $Trichoderma\quad polysporum$ is a fungus that is used to produce the drug cyclosporine which is used to overcome rejection reactions after organ translplants.
C) $Monascus\quad purpureus$ is a yeast from which statins are produced which acts as a clot buster and controls cholesterol levels. It is not related to swine flu.

D) $Pseudomonas$ is an infection causing bacteria. AIDS is caused by a virus.
So the correct answer is 'A-organ-transplant, B-Trichoderma'.

Major histocompatibility (MHC) complex genes are present in which of the following chromosome of humans?

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. Chromosome 22

  2. Chromosome 7

  3. Chromosome 6

  4. X chromosome

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A group of genes that code for proteins found on the surfaces of cells that help the immune system recognize foreign substances Major histocompatibility (MHC) complex genes. In vertebrates, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes present on chromosome 6 code for a set of cell surface proteins that are  essential for the acquired immune system to recognize foreign molecules, which determines histocompatibility.

So, the correct  option is 'chromosome 6'.

Which of the following drugs is used in leukaemia patients as an immunosuppressant?

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. Cyclophosphamide

  2. Tetracycline

  3. Beta blockers

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A-Cyclophosphamide CP known as cytophoshphane among other names is a medication used as chemotherapy and to suppress the immune system. Chemotherapy is used to treat lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, neuroblastoma, and sarcoma.

So the correct option is A.

Azathioprine is given before and after organ transplant because

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. It inhibits mitosis.

  2. It decreases T and B cell proliferation.

  3. It inhibits meiosis.

  4. Both A and B.

Show answer
Correct Option: D

 ............. are fungal metabolites with immunosuppressive properties.

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. Cyclosporin A

  2. Rapamycin

  3. Tetracycline

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: D

Cyclosporin is useful in

zoology immune system active and passive immunity immunity related disorders and problems diseases and immunity

  1. Prophylactic for viruses

  2. Immunosuppressant

  3. Prophylactic for marasmus

  4. Treating allergic eozema

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cyclosporin is an effective immunosuppressant used in the treatment of autoimmune disorders (such as rheumatoid arthritis) and in organ transplantation to prevent rejection. Cyclosporin lowers the activity of T-cells and hence, suppressing the activity of the immune system. Cyclosporin was isolated from the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum. Common side effects include high blood pressure, headache, kidney problems, increased hair growth, and vomiting. So, the correct answer is 'Immunosuppressant'.