Tag: jainism, buddhism and ajivika philosophy in tamil nadu

The doctrine of Karma is one of the main pillars of Jain philosophy. According to Mahavira, the human soul is constrained to a cycle of rebirth and this transmigration of the soul is completely dependent on its Karma. Based on Karma, a soul undergoes transmigration and reincarnates in various states of existence. This cycle continues until the soul attains Moksha through purification..

Sutta Pitaka is a holy book of Buddhism. It is the second part of Pali Canon. The other two parts are Vinaya Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka. Together they are known as Tripitaka. 

Mahavira was born in a royal family to king Siddhartha and queen Trishala in the Ikshvaku dynasty. 

Vardhman Mahavira was born in a royal family to king Siddhartha of Ikshvaku dynasty and queen Trishala, a Licchavi Princess.

In the beginning, Jainism was very popular among the traders and businessmen. The mercantile community was attracted by the rigorous asceticism and religious life of the Jains and adopted the Jain way of life. Being bound by a sense of fraternity they formed business guilds for smooth conduct of business. These wealthy merchants patronized Jainism to a great extent. Even during the time of English East India Company, Jain business families like the Jagat Seths and the Singh is acted as state bankers and naturally wielded great influence in the society. Hence, Option A is correct. Among the rest, the rituals and sacrifices were performed by the Brahmins, not the Vaishyas, or mercantile community. There were Hindu businessmen too who flourished, like the Agraharis and Agrawals, Gahois. The doctrine of karma was present in Hinduism too. Hence, these options are incorrect. 

Mahavira, also known as Vardhamana was the Twenty-fourth and last Tirthankara of Jainism. He was born in Kundagram near Vaishali in Bihar in the second half of the sixth century BC. In the Jain tradition, a Tirthankara is an enlightened soul who is born as a human being and attains perfection through intense meditation.

Sunyawad does not belong to Jainism because this technique belongs to disciples and Bhikkhus of Buddha. Sunyawad is the philosophy of emptiness. 

Chandragupta Maurya was the founder of the Maurya Empire. He accepted Jainism and became a monk. He gave up all his wealth and power. He went to Deccan region with Jain monks. He performed Sallekhana - which is a Jain religious ritual of peacefully welcoming death by fasting.

Mahavira was the twenty fourth and last Jain Tirthankaras.  According to the Jain philosophy, a Tirthankara is an enlightened soul who is born as a human being and attains perfection through intense meditation. Mahavira travelled throughout the India to teach Jainism.

Mahavira was the last of the twenty fourth Tirthankara of Jainism.Tirthankaras means ford maker.Mahavira taught the observance of the following vows Ahima - non-violence , Satya - truth , Asteya - non-stealing , Brahmacharya - chastity,Aparigraha - non-attachment is necessary to spiritual liberation.