Tag: structure and function of cell organelles

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Questions Related to structure and function of cell organelles

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

Peroxisomes and glyoxysomes are

  1. Energy transforming organelles

  2. Membrane-less organelles

  3. Macrobodies

  4. Microbodies
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Peroxisomes and glyoxisomes are microbodies.
  • Microbodies or cytosomes can be defined as cellular organelle found in the plant cells, protozoans and animal cells (liver and kidney cells).
  • The different types of microbodies present within a cell are peroxisomes, glyoxysomes, glycosomes and hydrogenosomes.
  • The main function of microbodies is oxidation of fatty acids, amino acids, purines and alcohol (liver cells) which requires significant amounts of oxygen.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Microbodies'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of peroxisome is

  1. To convert $H _2O _2$ into $H _2O$ and $O _2$
  2. Utilisation of $O _2$ gas

  3. To break toxic molecules of a cell

  4. All the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Peroxisomes are involved in the breakdown of H2O2, the utilization of oxygen in oxidative reactions, and the degradation of various toxic molecules, making all listed functions correct.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

Recent researches suggest that peroxisomes have ............ origin.

  1. Cyanobacterial

  2. Fusobacterial

  3. Proteobacterial

  4. Actinobacterial.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Recent research into the evolutionary origin of peroxisomes suggests they may have evolved from an endosymbiotic relationship with actinobacteria.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

Peroxisome is the microbody of a cell that helps in

  1. Removal of electrons and associated hydrogen

  2. Removal of proton

  3. Conversion of carbohydrate into fat

  4. Conversion of carbohydrate into protein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • The peroxisome is a single membrane-bound organelle which contains oxidative enzymes and is responsible for lipid production and oxidation reactions within the cell.
  • It contains the enzyme called catalase.
  • Its main function is to catalyze the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen and thus, protects the cell from oxidative damage from reactive oxygen species.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Removal of electrons and associated hydrogen'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

Match the columns:

Column I Column II
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum (i) Stack of cisternae
(b) Sphaerosome (ii) Store oil
(c) Dictyosomes (iii) Synthesis and storage of lipids
(d) Peroxisomes (iv) Photorespiraton
(e) Elaioplasts (v) Detoxification of drugs

  1. a-v, b-iii, c-i, d-iv, e-ii

  2. a-v, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv, e-i

  3. a-ii, b-iii, c-i, d-iv, e-v

  4. a-iii, b-iv, c-i, d-v, e-ii

  5. a-iii, b-v, c-i, d-iv, e-ii.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Matching: (a) Endoplasmic reticulum-v (detoxification), (b) Sphaerosome-iii (lipid synthesis/storage), (c) Dictyosomes-i (stack of cisternae), (d) Peroxisomes-iv (photorespiration), (e) Elaioplasts-ii (store oil). Option A matches these correctly.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

Which one does not contain DNA?

  1. Peroxisome

  2. Nucleus

  3. Chloroplast

  4. Mitochondria.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Peroxisome  are surrounded by only a single membrane, and they do not contain DNA or ribosomes. Like mitochondria and chloroplasts, however, peroxisomes are thought to acquire their proteins by selective import from the cytosol. But because they have no genome, all of their proteins must be imported.


Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

An oxidative organelle is

  1. Ribosome

  2. Golgi body

  3. Peroxisome

  4. ER
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • The peroxisome is a single membrane-bound organelle which contains oxidative enzymes and is responsible for lipid production and oxidation reactions within the cell.
  • It helps in the oxidation of fatty acids, amino acids, purines and alcohol (liver cells) which requires significant amounts of oxygen.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Peroxisome'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

In which of the following would you expect to find glyoxysomes?

  1. Endosperm of wheat

  2. Endosperm of castor

  3. Palisade cell in leaf

  4. Root hairs
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The endosperm of castor (castor bean is oil producing plant)  contains glyoxysomes.
  • Glyoxysomes are a type of peroxisomes found in plants and few filamentous fungi.
  • They are particularly found in fat storage tissues of germinating seeds (peanuts, soybeans etc.) in plants.
  • They contain enzymes (citrate synthase, isocitrate lyase and malate synthase etc.) which are responsible for beta-oxidation of fatty acids,
  • It helps in fatty acid oxidation, glyoxylate cycle and gluconeogenesis.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Endosperm of castor'.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry structure and function of cell organelles microbodies living organisms and energy production single membrane bound organelles

The function of glyoxysome is

  1. Protein metabolism

  2. Carbohydrate metabolism

  3. Fat metabolism

  4. Protein synthesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
Glyoxysomes are microbodies which contain enzymes for $\beta - oxidation$ of fatty acids and glyoxylate pathway. They are considered to be special peroxisomes. They occur abundantly in germinating endosperm cells of oil seeds.
So, the correct answer is 'Glyoxysomes'.