Tag: measurement of properties

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Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

Centigrade or Celsius scale can be converted into Kelvin scale by which of the following formula?

  1. $^oC =$ Temperature in Kelvin $+ 273.15$
  2. $^oC =$ Temperature in Kelvin $ - 273.15$
  3. $^oC =$ Temperature in Fahrenheit $+ 273$
  4. $^oC =$ Temperature in Fahrenheit $ - 273$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Zero on the Celsius scale $(0^0C)$ is now defined as the equivalent to $273.15K$, with a temperature difference of $1\ ^o C$ equivalent to a difference of $1\ K$, meaning the unit size in each scale is the same.


$T _c=T _k-273.15$

$T _k=$Temperature in kelvin.
$T _c=$Temperature in celsius.

So, the correct option is $B$

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

 Thermometer that can measure rapidly changing temperature is:

  1. Mercury-in-glass thermometer

  2. Alcohol-in-glass thermometer

  3. Platinum resistance thermometer

  4. Thermocouple thermometer
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Thermometer that can measure rapidly changing temperature is thermocouple thermometer.
Advantages of a thermocouple thermometer:
(a) Easy to read by using a pointer or a digital display.
(b) Wide range of temperature $- 200^oC to 1600^oC$
(c) It has has a small thermal capacity and is used to measure rapidly changing temperatures.

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

A solution of hydrochloric acid is required for an experiment. The experimenter must first prepare the solution for use by diluting $10.0 mL$ of the hydrochloric acid to create $200 mL$ of the solution.
Which of the following would be the poorest choice of glassware for measuring the solute for the dilution?

  1. A graduated cylinder

  2. A volumetric flask

  3. A burrette

  4. A volumetric pipette
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
$\text{Option A is correct.}$
$\text{A graduated cylinder,measuring cylinder or mixing cylinder is a common piece of laboratory equipment }$$\text{used to measure the volume of a liquid}$
Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

Select the correct statement(s):

  1. The celsius scale is the fundamental unit of the temperature scale.
  2. Kelvin scale defined as $273.16$ of the triple point (equilibrium among the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases) of pure water.
  3. It is defined as $\frac{ 1 }{ 273.16}$ of the triple point (equilibrium among the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases) of pure water.

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Options A and B are incorrect. The Kelvin scale is the fundamental unit of the Temperature scale. It is defined as $\frac{ 1 }{ 273.16 }$ of the triple point (equilibrium among the solid, liquid, and gaseous phases) of pure water. Hence, option C is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

Mathematical relation for conversion of Temperature from Celsius scale to Fahrenheit scale is:

  1. $F = \frac{ 5 }{ 9} C + 32$
  2. $C = \frac{ 9 }{ 5 }F + 32$
  3. $F =\frac{ 9 }{ 5 }C + 32$
  4. $F =\frac{ 9 }{ 5 }C - 32$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
$T _C =(T _F - 32) \frac { 5 }{ 9 }$
${ T } _{ F }=(\frac { 9 }{ 5 } \times { T } _{ C })+32$
$T _C=$Temperature in celsius scale.
$T _F=$Temperature in Fahrenheit scale.
Option C is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

The boiling point of water on the Kelvin scale is:

  1. $373.15 K$
  2. $273.15 K$
  3. $373 K$
  4. $374.15 K$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which the liquid changes into a vapor.
Boiling point of water is $100^0C$

To convert kelvin scale, we have to add 273.15 to $^0C$ scale value
So,
$100^0C=100+273.15=373.15K$

Hence, option $A$ is correct.

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

Which temperature scale is the primary unit of measurement and analysis in the physical world?

  1. Celsius Scale

  2. Kelvin Scale

  3. Fahrenheit Scale

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The kelvin is a unit of measure for temperature based upon an absolute scale. It is one of the seven base units in the International System of Units (SI) and is assigned the unit symbol K.
The Kelvin scale is an absolute, thermodynamic temperature scale using as its null point absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases in the classical description of thermodynamics. 
The correct answer is B.
Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

What temperature scale must always be used when working gas law problems?

  1. Celsius Scale

  2. Kelvin Scale

  3. Rankine Scale

  4. Fahrenheit scale
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
You should always use the Kelvin scale to measure temperatures of gases for use with the gas laws. 
Imagine you have a gas at 1$^0C$ and it is heated to $2^0C$. Just using Celsius temperatures you have doubled the temperature when in reality the amount of additional kinetic energy of a gas at $2^0C$ is only slightly higher than a gas at $1^0C.$
Also, imagine working a problem where you would need to divide by a temperature of $0^0C$. Wouldn't work! You have the same issue at $0K$, but since the material would not be a gas at $0K$ it is not an issue.
So we use kelvin scale always in gas problems.Option B is correct.
Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

Kelvin scale has:

  1. no fixed points

  2. one fixed point.

  3. two fixed points

  4. none of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In Kelvin scale, temperature is expressed in Kelvin. In SI system, Kelvin is the unit of temperature. In this scale of temperature, zero of the scale corresponds to $-273^0C$, which is said to be the temperature at which the volume of a gas reduces to zero. Hence, $-273^0C$ is also known as the absolute zero. For the same reason, this scale of temperature is also known as absolute scale of temperature. On this scale, the lower fixed point i.e. the temperature of melting ice at normal pressure is +273K and the upper fixed point i.e. the temperature of boiling water at normal pressure is 373K. 

Multiple choice chemistry matter around us measurement of properties effect of temperature and pressure on states of matter general introduction: importance and scope of chemistry

Which of the following are incorrect SI units?

  1. Amount of substance in mol L$^{-1}$

  2. Pressure of gas in pascal
  3. Density of a solid in kg m$^{-3}$

  4. Force in newton
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The SI units is based on seven base units. These are metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole and candela.

Here Pascal is SI unit of pressure
Newton is unit of force

Amount of substance has a SI unit $mol/ m^3$
Option A is the incorrect SI Unit.