Tag: work done by an ideal gas in isothermal expansion

Questions Related to work done by an ideal gas in isothermal expansion

An ideal gas has initial volume V and pressure P. In doubling its volume the minimum work done will be in the following process(of given processes)

  1. Isobaric process

  2. Isothermal process

  3. Adiabatic process

  4. None of the above.


Correct Option: C

Two difference gases of molecular masses $M _1$ and $M _2$ are at the same temperature. What is the ratio of their mean square speeds?

  1. $\dfrac{M _1}{M _2}$

  2. $\dfrac{M _2}{M _1}$

  3. $\sqrt {\dfrac{M _1}{M _2}}$

  4. $\sqrt {\dfrac{M _2}{M _1}}$


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Mean squared speed $=\cfrac{3RT}{M}$

$\cfrac{V _1}{V _2}=\cfrac{M _1}{M _2}$

A diatomic gas which has initial volume of $10$ litre is isothermally compressed to $1/15^{th}$ of its original volume where initial pressure is $10^5$ Pascal. If temperature is $27^o$C then find the work done by gas.

  1. $-2.70\times 10^3$J

  2. $2.70\times 10^3$J

  3. $-1.35\times 10^3$J

  4. $1.35\times 10^3$J


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

$w=nRT ln\left(\dfrac{v _2}{v _1}\right)$
$w=P _0V _0ln\left(\dfrac{v _2}{v _1}\right)$
$w=10^5\times 10\times 10^{-3}ln\left(\dfrac{1}{15}\right)$
$w=-2.70\times 10^3J$.

One mole of an ideal gas undergoes an isothermal change at temperature T so that its volume V is doubled. R is the molar gas constant. Work done by the gas during this change is :

  1. RT $\ln 4$

  2. RT $\ln 3$

  3. RT $ \ln 2$

  4. RT $ \ln 1$


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Under isothermal process work is given by the relation $W = RT \ln (\dfrac{V _{f}}{V _{i}})$
Therefore work will be $W = RT \ln(2)$

The slope of adiabatic curve is ________ than the slope of an isothermal curve.

  1. Greater.

  2. lesser

  3. data insufficient

  4. can be both a and b


Correct Option: A

Three moles of an ideal gas $\left (C _{P} = \dfrac {7R}{2}\right )$ at pressure $P _{A}$ and temperature $T _{A}$ is isothermally expanded to twice the initial volume. The gas is then compressed at constant pressure to its original volume. Finally the gas is heated at constant volume to its original pressure $P _{A}$.
Calculate the net work done by the gas and the net heat supplied to the gas during the complete process.

  1. $0.579\ RT _{A}, \triangle Q = 0.579\ RT _{A}$.

  2. $79\ RT _{A}, \triangle Q = 0.679\ RT _{A}$.

  3. $0.9\ RT _{A}, \triangle Q = 0.779\ RT _{A}$.

  4. $0.7\ RT _{A}, \triangle Q = 0.979\ RT _{A}$.


Correct Option: A

Two soap bubbles having radii $3\ cm$ and $4\ cm$ in vacuum, coalesce under isothermal conditions. The radius of the new bubble is

  1. $1\ cm$

  2. $5\ cm$

  3. $7\ cm$

  4. $3.5\ cm$


Correct Option: B

One mole of an ideal gas u ndergoes a process:
$P = \dfrac{P _0}{1+(V _0/ V)^2}$.
Here $P _0$ and $V _0$ are constants. change in temperature of the gas when volume is changed from $V=V _0$ to $V = 2V _0$ is: 

  1. $-\dfrac{2P _0V _0}{5R}$

  2. $\dfrac{11P _0V _0}{10R}$

  3. $-\dfrac{5P _0V _0}{4R}$

  4. $P _0V _0$


Correct Option: B

Let $Q$ and $W$ denote the amount of heat given to an ideal gas and the work done by it in an isothermal process.

  1. $Q = 0$

  2. $W = 0$

  3. $Q \neq W$

  4. $Q = W$


Correct Option: D

Work done during isothermal expansion of one mole of an ideal gas $10$ atm to $1$ atm at $300\ K$ is

  1. $-4938.8\ J$

  2. $4938.8\ J$

  3. $-5744\ J$

  4. $6257.2\ J$


Correct Option: C