Tag: infectious diseases

Cholera is an intestinal infection caused by eating and drinking contaminated food and water with the Vibrio cholerae. It is characterized by diarrhea and dehydration. This infection can ve prevented by the use of boiled water, cook food well and keep it covered and maintaining personal and public hygiene. Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Cholera is caused by a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae. A person gets cholera by drinking water or eating food infected with the bacterium. Once swallowed, it settles in the lining of the small bowel and releases a toxin (poison) that can cause the body to flush liquid into the small bowel, resulting in watery diarrhoea. The main symptom is watery diarrhoea, which can be severe enough to rapidly drain the body of vital water, salts and minerals. The first watery stool appears 1 to 3 days after infection, and from then on the body can lose up to one litre of liquid an hour. 

Sir Ronald Ross discovered the malarial parasite in the gastrointestinal tract of mosquito and led to the realization, that malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes. He received the Nobel Prize in 1902 for his work on malaria. 

The primary treatment is oral rehydration therapy - the replacement of fluids with slightly sweet and salty solutions rice-based solutions are preferred. Zinc supplementation is useful in children. In severe cases, intravenous fluids, such as Ringer's lactate, may be required, and antibiotics may be beneficial.

Vibrio cholerae is the bacterium which is responsible for the disease cholera. This is a disease which is transmitted due to contaminated water with feces containing the bacteria. The symptoms of the disease are frequent muscular cramps due to loss of electrolytes in acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, passage of watery stools, etc.

• Fever has nothing to do with bad air or haunted places. This was first proved by Ronal Ross by his discovery of the malarial parasite in the gastrointestinal tract of a mosquito in 1897 which proved that malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes.
• Hence Fever has nothing to do with the bad air or haunted places. This was first proved by Ronald Ross.
• So, the correct answer is 'Ronald Ross'.

• Cholera is an infection of the small intestine. The symptom includes large amounts of watery diarrhoea that lasts a few days, vomiting and muscle cramps may also occur. Diarrhoea can be so severe that it leads to severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.
• Diarrhoea is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss.
• Dysentery is an inflammatory disease of the intestine, especially of the colon, which always results in severe diarrhoea and abdominal pains.
  
• Hence, rehydration therapy is a must for diarrhoea, cholera and dysentery.

Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Symptoms include large amounts of watery diarrhoea that lasts a few days, vomiting and muscle cramps may also occur. Diarrhoea can be so severe that it leads within hours to severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Patients suffering from cholera are given saline drop such as Ringer's lactate solution which contains sodium.  Excess sodium makes the body hold extra fluids in the cells because of the osmotic gradient. Hence, sodium helps retain water in the body.