Tag: transport in plant

Questions Related to transport in plant

Which of the following would not contribute to water uptake by plant cell?

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. an increase in the water potential $\Psi $ of the surrounding solution

  2. a decrease in pressure on the cell exerted by the wall

  3. the uptake of solutes by the cell

  4. an increase in tension on the surrounding solution.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Plant absorb water from the soil by osmosis. Root hair cells are adapted for this by having a large surface area to speed up osmosis. The absorbed water is transported through the roots to the rest of the plant where it's used for different purposes. It's a reactant used in photosynthesis.

So, the correct option is 'an increase in the water potential of the surrounding solution.'

The active uptake of minerals depends upon

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. Respiration

  2. Transpiration

  3. Photorespiration

  4. Dephosphorylation

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Plants can absorb minerals that are dissolved in solution.The minerals present in the soil can be absorbed through their root hair cells. However, the concentration of minerals in the soil is very low. While water is absorbed by the plants through osmosis,  minerals are absorbed as ions by active transport (transport against the law of diffusion, by spending cellular energy). The cell membrane has transport proteins that allow the ions to cross the membrane. The ions then move upward through the xylem, to the leaves and other aerial parts of the plant. The absorption of minerals using respiratory energy is called active absorption and is influenced by temperature, oxygen concetration and respiratory poisons

Which of the following helps to move the water from root to xylem vessels?

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. Stem cells

  2. Root cells

  3. Soil

  4. None of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:
In plants, transpiration is the process by which water and solutes are taken up by the roots and transported via the xylem to the leaves. 
The water passes from the soil to the root by osmosis. The long and thin shape of root hairs maximizes surface area and water passes from the soil to the root hairs. The next stage in the transpiration stream is water passing into the xylem vessels. The water either goes through the cortex cells (between the root cells and the xylem vessels) or it bypasses them – going through their cell walls. After this, the water moves up the xylem vessels to the leaves through diffusion.
So, the answer is B.

Identify the vascular tissues in plants.

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. Xylem

  2. Phloem

  3. Stem

  4. Both A and B

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Vascular tissue is an arrangement of multiple cell types in vascular plants which allows for the transport of water, minerals, product and of photosynthesis to be transported throughout the plant. There are two types of vascular tissues of a plant namely, xylem and phloem.
So the correct answer is 'Both A and B'.

The absorption of water is not affected when

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. Soil is waterlogged (poorly aerated)

  2. Soil temperature increases

  3. Soil solution is highly concentrated

  4. Soil water is available in maximum

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Absorption of water occurs via root hairs of roots through diffusion of water from high concentration to lower concentration.

Because transpiration pull induces the absorption of water. Thus when there is a scarcity of water inside the plant it absorbs water and it is not affected by maximal soil water present in the soil. 
So the correct answer is 'Soil water is available in maximum'.

For absorption of water, the roots act as 

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. Sucking organs

  2. Osmotic system

  3. Manometer

  4. Anemometer

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Osmosis occurs when there is a concentration gradient and water flows out from the region of high water potential to lower water potential. So for absorption of water roots act as an osmotic system because there is high er solute concentration (water) in the soil as compared to the roots due to which water is absorbed by the roots by osmosis.

So the correct answer is 'Osmotic system'.

Optimum temperature for water absorption by plants is

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. $ 0^o - 5^o C $

  2. $ 5^o - 20^o C $

  3. $ 25^o - 35^oC $

  4. $ 40^o - 50^o C $

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Temperature about 30°C favours water absorption. At higher tem­peratures water absorption is decreased. Also, low temperature decreases the permeability of the cell membrane. Metabolic activities of the root cells are decreased below the optimum temperature. 

So the correct answer is '25°C - 35°C'.

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
An arachnid differs from a crustacean because:

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. arachnids lack antennae

  2. arachnids are mostly aquatic and crustaceans are mostly terrestrial

  3. only arachnids shed their exoskeletons

  4. only arachnids have two major body segments of cephalothorax and abdomen

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:
Crustaceans and Arachnida are classes of Phylum Arthropoda. Crustaceans have 2 pairs of antennae but in arachnids they are absent. 
So the correct answer is "arachnids lack antennae".

Osmotic potential and pressure potential of three cells, a, b, c located in different parts of an actively transpiring plant are: 

Cell O.P (MPa) P.P. (MPa)
a -0.87 0.44
b -0.92 0.34
c -0.68 0.27

Which ones are root hair, root cortical and mesophyll cells respectively?

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. a, b, c

  2. a, c, b

  3. c, a, b

  4. b, c, a

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

  • Osmosis occurs only through the semi-permeable membrane. Osmosis is a gradient dependent process, osmosis is different from diffusion as it is characterized by a semi-permeable membrane.
  • Net direction and rate of osmosis depend on both pressure gradient and concentration gradient.
So, the correct answer is 'c, a, b'.

Water absorption mainly occurs through the root-hair. 

biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

  1. True

  2. False

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The force of water absorption is created at the leaf end i.e transpiration pull. The water will enter the plant via the root cells that can be found in the roots.