Tag: introduction to genetics
Questions Related to introduction to genetics
Which of the following is considered as unit of inheritance?
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Gene
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Chromosome
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Nucleotide
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Codon
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Chromatid
Genes are the segment of DNA which carries information from parents to offsprings. It is the basic unit of heredity as they code for proteins which in turn determine the genetic traits. Genes are a continuous stretch of DNA and are linearly arranged on chromosomes. Chromatids are two identical parts of a duplicated chromosome. Nucleotides serve as a monomer of DNA. Codon is a base triplet of the gene that specifies specific amino acid. The correct answer is A.
Which of the following term was used by Mendel for hereditary units?
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Factor (determiner)
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Genome
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Genetic particle
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None of the above
Gregor Mendel is the father of genetics. When he explained about heredity for the first time ever, the term "Gene" which is now being used, was not given. After his demise only, most of his research studies came to lime light. According to his explanations, he called them as 'Factor' or determiner which was otherwise known as heredity units.
For green coloured pod and rounded seed, which is the functional unit of inheritance?
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Cistron
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Gene
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Chromosome
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lntron
Genes are the functional hereditary units. Gene is also defined as the functional unit of DNA which codes for a character. Genes are located on chromosomes, which are then carried to the next generation and thus plays a great role in heredity.
A gene is
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Synonym of chromosomes
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Composed of mRNA
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A specific segment of nucleotides of DNA
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Having only those nucleotides required to synthesize a protein
A gene is a sequence of nucleotides along a DNA strand - with 'start' and 'stop' codons and other regulatory elements - that specifies a sequence of amino acids that are linked together to form a protein.
Which of the following is true regarding genes?
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Gene is a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring
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Gene is a distinct sequence of nucleotides forming part of a chromosome
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Gene is the order which determines the order of monomers in a polypeptide
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All of the above
- Genes are basic unit of heredity present on the chromosome.
- They are made up of DNA hence they are sequence of nucleotides.
- These orders of nucleotides in DNA later determine the sequence of polypeptide chain formed from them during translation.
- So, the correct option is 'All of the above'.
Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement regarding genetic material?
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Genes are made up of DNA
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Chromatin is made up of DNA
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Histones are proteins to which chromatin is bound
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DNA is made up of genes
In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. However the inverse is incorrect.
Which of the following part of DNA contains genes?
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Junk DNA
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Coding DNA
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Whole DNA
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Any of the above
Gene is present in the coding region of the DNA. In eukaryotes, gene is made up of both introns and exons. So, the correct option is "Coding DNA".
How many genotyprs are possible from a across between the parent $RR$ and $rr$ ?
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Four
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One
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Three
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Two
In pea plants, the long-stem trait $(L)$ is dominant and the short-stern trait $(I)$ is recessive. Two pea plants were crossed, producing seeds that yielded 165 long-stem plants and 54 short-stem plants. The genotypes of the parent plants were most likely
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$LI$ and $LL$
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$LI$ and $LI$
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$II$ and $II$
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$LL$ and $II$
- The ratio of long stem plants to short stem plants among the progeny is 165:54 which means it has a ratio of 3:1. This ratio is possible if the parents are heterozygous in nature which after the cross will produce homozygous tall, heterozygous tall and homozygous dwarf offsprings.
- As the heterozygous offspring expresses the dominant allele, they will also be tall. This is a classic example of the monohybrid ratio that produces a ratio of 3:1 in the F2 generation of pure line parents.
Gene library or DNA library has collection of
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DNA and RNA
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Any one type of gene of Organism
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c DNA only
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All possible genes of all organisms
- A Gene library or DNA library is a comprehensive collection of cloned DNA fragments from a cell, tissue, or organism.
- DNA libraries can be used to isolate a specific gene of interest as they generally include at least one fragment that contains the gene.
- Hence Gene library or DNA library has a collection of c DNA only.
- So, the correct answer is 'c DNA only'.